Water Reptiles of the Past and PresentWilliston, Samuel Wendell
Science
Water Reptiles of the Past and Present
Williston, Samuel Wendell
Aquatic reptiles; Aquatic reptiles, Fossil
It is extremely common on all the islands throughout the
group, and lives exclusively on the rocky sea-beaches,
being never found, at least I never saw one, even ten yards
inshore. It is a hideous looking creature, of a dirty black
color, stupid and sluggish in its movements. The usual
length of a full grown one is about a yard, but there are
some even four feet in length; a large one weighed twenty
pounds. The tails are flattened sideways, and all four
feet are partially webbed. They are occasionally seen some
hundred yards from the shore swimming about. When in the
water this lizard swims with perfect ease and quickness, by
a serpentine movement of the body and flattened tail—the
legs being motionless and closely collapsed to the sides.
A seaman on board sank one, with a heavy weight attached
to it, thinking thus to kill it directly; but when an
hour afterward he drew up the line it was quite active.
Their limbs and strong claws are admirably adapted for
crawling over the rugged and fissured masses of lava, which
everywhere forms the coast. The nature of this lizard’s food
(seaweed) as well as the structure of the tail and feet,
and the fact of its having been seen voluntarily swimming
out at sea, absolutely proves its aquatic habits; yet there
is in this respect one strange anomaly, namely, that when
frightened it will not leave the island. Hence it is easy
to drive these lizards down to any little point overhanging
the sea, where they will sooner allow a person to catch
hold of their tails than jump into the water. They do not
seem to have any notion of biting; but when much frightened
they squirt a drop of fluid from each nostril. I threw one
several times as far as I could into a deep pool left by
the retreating tide, but it invariably returned by a direct
line to the spot where I stood. It swam near the bottom,
with a very graceful and rapid movement, and occasionally
aided itself over the uneven ground with its feet. As soon
as it arrived near the edge, but still being under water,
it tried to conceal itself under the tufts of seaweed, or
it entered some crevice. I several times caught the same
lizard by driving it to a point, and, though possessed of
such perfect powers of diving and swimming, nothing could
induce it to enter the water; and as often as I threw it
in it returned in the manner described above. Perhaps this
singular piece of apparent stupidity may be accounted for by
the circumstance that this reptile has no enemies whatever
on shore, whereas at sea it must often fall a prey to the
numerous sharks.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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