From the uppermost Cretaceous beds of America, the Lance, Judith River, or Belly River beds as they are variously called, have come the remains of a marvelous reptilian fauna. These beds may be grouped together though not all contemporaneous, and there is dispute about their age, some excellent paleontologists insisting that the uppermost are really of Eocene age. From Colorado east of Denver, from eastern Wyoming, from Montana, and especially from the vicinity of Edmonton in Canada, as also occasionally in western Texas and New Mexico, have come many marvelous specimens of dinosaurs, huge bipedal carnivorous dinosaurs, great spoon-billed aquatic dinosaurs, armored stegosaurian dinosaurs, and many kinds of the great horned dinosaurs, the Ceratopsia, so far known only from these beds. Here at the very close of the Age of Reptiles, at the close of the Age of Dinosaurs, are found the ultimate specializations of all the chief groups of dinosaurs except the long-necked quadrupedal dinosaurs which gave up the ghost in Lower Cretaceous times. Many were provided with horns and spines, some indeed seemed to have bristled with spines throughout, a sure sign that they were approaching the end of their career. The modern type of crocodiles had usurped the ancient forms of the early Cretaceous, and reached the largest size of their race perhaps, though but few specimens are known. Here also in these beds we find the first representatives of lizards and snakes in America, though snakes have been described from earlier strata, perhaps, in Brazil. Those archaic, old-fashioned rhynchocephalians described on a later page as the Choristodera appeared also for the first time in these beds, and persisted for a little while in the Eocene, in Europe and America. And with all these there has very recently been described the last of the plesiosaurs, whose race went out with the dinosaurs at the very close of the Mesozoic. It is needless to say that the turtles also occur, for, as a general rule, wherever vertebrate fossils are found, in rocks of the land or the sea, marine or fresh-water, there will be some bones of turtles among them.