Medicinal plants -- United States; Weeds -- Therapeutic use -- United States
=Price.=—Phytolacca or pokeroot brings from 2 to 5 cents per pound, and
the dry berries about 5 cents per pound.
FOXGLOVE.
_Digitalis purpurea_ L.
=Other common names.=—Purple foxglove, thimbles, fairy cap, fairy
fingers, fairy thimbles, fairy bells, dog’s finger, finger flower,
lady’s glove, ladyfingers, lady’s thimble, popdock, flapdock, flopdock,
lion’s mouth, rabbit’s flower, cottagers, throatwort, Scotch mercury.
(Fig. 13.)
[Illustration: FIG. 13.—Foxglove (_Digitalis purpurea_ L.).]
=Range and habitat.=—Foxglove was originally introduced into this
country from Europe as an ornamental garden plant, but has now escaped
from cultivation in a few localities and is assuming the character
of a weed. This is the case in parts of Oregon, Washington, and West
Virginia, where the plant is found in great abundance in dry, sandy
soil, along roads and fence rows, on the borders of timber land, and in
small cleared places.
=Description.=—This is a very handsome plant of the figwort family
(Scrophulariaceæ), biennial, and the first year forms only a rosette
of dense leaves, but in the second year of its growth the simple erect
flowering stalk is produced, attaining a height of from 3 to 4 feet.
This is round, indistinctly angled toward the top, leafy and downy. The
leaves are oblong-ovate, narrowed at the base into long winged stalks;
the upper surface of the leaves is dull-green and wrinkled, while the
under side is grayish, with short, soft hairs and a thick network of
prominent veins. The root leaves are rather large and are borne on long
stalks, but as the leaves approach the top of the plant they become
smaller and the leafstalks shorter.
The plant is in flower about June, and the long clusters of numerous
tubular bell-shaped flowers are very showy. The clusters are terminal,
and about 14 inches in length. The flowers are large, about 2 inches
long, the color ranging from white through lavender to purple, the
inside of the lower lobe bearing long, soft, white hairs and crimson
spots on a white ground.
=Part used.=—Leaves of the second year’s growth only are employed, and
these should be collected when about two-thirds of the flowers have
expanded. They should be very carefully dried in the shade and then
kept in closed boxes or barrels so as to keep out all moisture. The
greatest care is necessary in curing, as the leaves soon lose their
medicinal properties if not properly dried.
Preparations made from foxglove are of great value in heart troubles,
but they are poisonous and should never be used except on the advice of
a physician.
=Imports and prices.=—From 40,000 to 60,000 pounds of digitalis or
foxglove are annually imported into this country from Europe, where the
plant is cultivated. The American-grown product has so far never been
used, but leaves from the wild American plant have been assayed and
found to be equally as good as the European article.
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