Westminster Abbey: The last days of the monastery as shown by the life and times of Abbot John Islip, 1464-1532Westlake, H. F. (Herbert Francis)
History
Westminster Abbey: The last days of the monastery as shown by the life and times of Abbot John Islip, 1464-1532
Westlake, H. F. (Herbert Francis)
Islip, John, 1464-1532; Westminster Abbey
The Treasurer’s main purpose was the sustenance of the brethren.
Accordingly in addition to his own purchases of food in the form of
grain he made an allowance of ten shillings a day to the _Coquinarius_,
whose office is not adequately described if his title be translated
simply as “cook,” while the ordinary rendering of “kitchener” entails
the same objection. The _Coquinarius_ would seem to have been a steward
of the kitchen, combining the duties of an overseer and caterer. We
shall take some further notice of him later.
Payments of the bailiffs of his manors, law expenses, and sundry items
of no general interest added to the Treasurer’s expenditure; and at
this period of history he found it, like his brethren in other
monasteries, impossible to make both ends meet, and indeed his
expenditure exceeded his assigned income by some hundreds of pounds.
That portion of his income, about one hundred and thirty pounds, of
which no source has yet been indicated was drawn from the merging into
the Treasurer’s office of other offices which in former times had been
held separately. The love for the Abbey felt by Queen Eleanor, wife of
Edward I., had been marked by large monetary gifts during her lifetime.
Her burial by the shrine of St. Edward prompted her husband to make
proper provision for the maintenance of her anniversary, and five manors
were almost immediately assigned to the monastery for that purpose,
those of Birdbrook, Edenbridge, Westerham, Turweston and Knowle. Two
other foundations of a similar character in connection with Richard II.
and Henry V. succeeded in due course, and Wardens were appointed to
administer the three.
By the time with which we are concerned these offices had been
practically merged with the Treasurership. Consequently the Treasurer
must account for the receipts and expenditure connected with them. The
income therefrom swelled his total but gave him no surplus for his own
purposes, since he must purchase the wax, pay for the masses said and
distribute what remained among the brethren in the usual proportion.
The office of Cellarer in the later history of the monastery of
Westminster was one of dignity and importance, but its duties were
probably of a considerably less exacting character than at the
beginning. The tendency had been to divide the work formerly assigned
and with the growth of buildings to create new offices, such as that of
the Granator, rather than merely to provide assistants. Thus in the year
ending Michaelmas 1527 the income of the office was only some eighty
pounds a year, of which fourteen were spent in mending wagons, shoeing
of horses, repairs of the water-mill and all the various expenses
commonly associated with the life of the farmer.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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