A spare line was carried in another tub. A boat was also supplied with extra harpoons, lances, spades, hatchet with which to cut the line if necessary, lanterns, box of food, keg of water, and compass, weighing, all complete, about twelve hundred pounds. [Illustration: Fig. 1. The Sperm Whale (Physeter macrocephalus). Fig. 2. The California Gray Whale (Rjachianectes glaucus). Fig. 3. The North Pacific Humpback (Megaptera versabilis). Fig. 4. The Sulphur Bottom (Sibbaldius sulfurens). Fig. 5. The Bowhead (Balaena mysticetus). Fig. 6. The Finback or Oregon Finner (Balaenoptera velifera). Fig. 7. The Pacific Right Whale (Balaena japonica). ] DIFFERENT SPECIES OF WHALES AND THEIR PRODUCTS There are many different kinds of whales; namely, sperm whale, right whale, finback, humpback, razor-back, sulphur bottom whale, and the narwhal. The two former species are the more often sought after. The sperm whale was so called because it was the only kind that furnished sperm oil, which is a richer and more valuable fluid than the ordinary whale oil. This species was also called “cachalot.” It has one spout hole through which it blows vapor (not water as is generally supposed), which resembles one’s breath on a frosty morning; it has also about fifty teeth on the lower jaw which fit into sockets in the upper jaw, and very small eyes and ears. This kind of whale usually employed its mouth as a means of defence, whereas the right whale used its immense tail. A large-sized whale will yield about eighty barrels of oil, but they have been known to boil even larger amounts. Captain John Howland of New Bedford captured two whales which produced over four hundred barrels together. The tongue alone often produced twenty-five barrels. In order to attract the squid, or cuttle-fish, which is often lured by a shiny object from the dark recesses in the great depths of the ocean, the jaw and inner side of the Brobdingnagian mouth are lined with a silvery membrane of phosphorescent whiteness, which is probably the only thing the squid sees when the dark body of the whale is at the great depths to which it sometimes descends for food. Huge pieces of shark and hundreds of mackerel have been found in the stomach of a sperm whale, showing what a carnivorous animal the sperm whale is. [Illustration: A ship on the northwest coast “cutting in” her last right whale, showing the jaw with the whalebone being hauled on board.]