The original articles from which these pages have been made were written in various desultory places,--on the cars, while traveling between the Pacific and the Atlantic, on the elevated railways of the metropolis, standing at the desk of my New York friend in his office on Broadway, even in the woods of Michigan and in the depths of the Grand Canyon. Two of the new chapters were written at the home of my friend Bass, at Bass Camp, Grand Canyon, but the main enlargement and revision has occurred at Santa Clara College, the site of the Eighth Mission in the Alta California chain of Franciscan Missions. The bells of the Mission Church have hourly rung in my ears, and the Angelus and other calls to prayer have given me sweet memories of the good old padres who founded this and the other missions, as well as shown me pictures of the devoted priests of to-day engaged in their solemn services. I have heard the merry shouts of the boys of this college at their play, for the Jesuits are the educators of the boys of the Catholic Church. Here from the precincts of this old mission, I call upon the white race to incorporate into its civilization the good things of the Indian civilization; to forsake the injurious things of its pseudo-civilized, artificial, and over-refined life, and to return to the simple, healthful, and natural life which the Indians largely lived before and after they came under the dominion of the Spanish padres. If all or anything of that which is here presented leads any of my readers to a kinder and more honest attitude of mind towards the Indians, then I shall be thankful, and the book will have amply accomplished its mission. GEORGE WHARTON JAMES. SANTA CLARA, CALIFORNIA, November 27, 1907. CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE FOREWORD 9 I. THE WHITE RACE AND ITS TREATMENT OF THE INDIAN 15 II. THE WHITE RACE AND ITS CIVILIZATION 28 III. THE INDIAN AND NASAL AND DEEP BREATHING 39 IV. THE INDIAN AND OUT-OF-DOOR LIFE 49 V. THE INDIAN AND SLEEPING OUT OF DOORS 70 VI. THE INDIAN AS A WALKER, RIDER, AND CLIMBER 79 VII. THE INDIAN IN THE RAIN AND THE DIRT 93 VIII. THE INDIAN AND PHYSICAL LABOR 105 IX. THE INDIAN AND PHYSICAL LABOR FOR GIRLS AND WOMEN 111 X. THE INDIAN AND DIET 119 XI. THE INDIAN AND EDUCATION 130 XII. THE INDIAN AND HOSPITALITY 143 XIII. THE INDIAN AND CERTAIN SOCIAL TRAITS AND CUSTOMS 156 XIV. THE INDIAN AND SOME LUXURIES 162 XV. THE INDIAN AND THE SEX QUESTION 175 XVI. THE INDIAN AND HER BABY 183 XVII. THE INDIAN AND THE SANCTITY OF NUDITY 197