Neutral foods are sugar, the vegetable oils, and animal fats.
All the content of the foods must be taken into consideration in
building a diet, the carbohydrate, fat, and protein being considered as
well as the mineral. A consideration of the mineral content, however,
should not be neglected. One-eighth grain of iron is taken daily in
the ordinary mixed diet. The fact that in one quart of milk, according
to Hutchinson, there are 1/2 grains of calcium shows how valuable this
food is to the growing child for bone and tissue building. It must also
be considered when constipation results from a milk diet. Milk and its
derivatives are poor in iron, while meat, fish, potatoes, fruits, and
bread are poor in calcium. Animal foods are rich in sodium; vegetables
and fruits in potassium.
The following shows the foods which contain mineral salts, in larger
proportions.
Calcium Milk contains 1-1/2 grams of lime (calcium) in
(lime) every quart; next in lime content come eggs,
then cereals, especially rice, radishes, asparagus,
spinach, veal, olives (16%), apples
and strawberries. Tea, coffee, rhubarb, and
cabbage cause deposits of the oxalate of
calcium.
Potassium Egg yolk, potatoes, apples, lemons, limes,
Sodium oranges, olives (60%) and strawberries.
Magnesium
Sulphur Cabbage, asparagus, fibrin of meat, eggs,
casein of milk, corn, turnips, cauliflower, and
asparagus.
Iron Yolk of egg, beef, spinach, dandelions, apples,
lettuce, lentils, strawberries, navy beans,
peas, potatoes, wheat, and oatmeal.
Phosphorus Meat and most vegetables.
A knowledge of the carbohydrate content of foods is useful also in
making up a diet, especially in diabetes. Friedenwald and Ruhrah give
the following in their order:
Less than 5% String beans, asparagus, spinach, pickles,
lettuce, cucumbers, greens, celery, Brussels
sprouts, rhubarb, sauerkraut, tomatoes, ripe
olives, cauliflower.
From 5 to 10% Leeks, eggplant, pumpkin, kohlrabi, cabbage,
radishes, collards, watermelon, mushrooms,
beets, okra, strawberries, turnips,
lemons, rutabagas, squash, musk melons,
peaches, onions, cranberries.
From 10 to 15% Blackberries, green onions, oranges, green
olives, tomato catsup, currants, raspberries,
apricots, parsnips, pears, apples, lima beans.
From 15 to 20% Nectarines, huckleberries, cherries, green peas,
almonds, potatoes, succotash, fresh figs,
prunes, grapes, baked beans, green corn.
Over 20% Plums, boiled potatoes, bananas, sweet potatoes.
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