What Was the Religion of Shakespeare?Mangasarian, M. M. (Mangasar Mugurditch)
Religion
What Was the Religion of Shakespeare?
Mangasarian, M. M. (Mangasar Mugurditch)
Religion in literature
The concluding line--_and delight no less in truth than life_--we
have no hesitation in pronouncing as the most beautiful sentiment
in Shakespeare. Malcolm says not a word about his Christian beliefs,
without which "no one can be saved." Once more we call attention to the
fact that there are in Shakespeare, as there are in Voltaire, nearly all
the terms of church and creed, but the underlying philosophy of the poet
is, if we may depend upon the above extracts and examples, unequivocally
rationalistic. Shakespeare was a freethinker, in that he interrogates
the popular faith about God, and the hereafter, and suggests an order
of the universe which is the very negation of the supernatural. His
indifference to the fundamentals of the Christian faith, then, is not
due to the fact that he is not a preacher, as Gervinius suggests, nor
because he preferred "nothing" to Christianity, as Santayana concludes,
or because of his "tender and delicate reserve about holy things," as
Charles Knight, one of the most enthusiastic admirers of Shakespeare
suggests, but to his utter want of intellectual sympathy with the
religious thought of his day, and to the fact that he had worked out a
religion of his own, based on the natural virtues--an ethical religion
of Humanity, with its commandments written, not on parchments, but in
the blood of the race.
There is undoubtedly a religious atmosphere in Shakespeare, but it is
the religion of the Good, the True, and the Beautiful; without dogma and
without miracle, and as comprehensive, as true to nature, and as closely
in harmony with the rationalistic interpretation of the universe as his
own drama. Has not Goethe, in defining his own religion, defined also
that of Shakespeare? "Man is born," writes Goethe, "not to solve the
problem of the universe, but to find out where the problem begins, and
then to restrain himself _within the limits of the comprehensible_."
This is precisely what the great Englishman, whom Goethe so sincerely
admired, did. He "restrained himself within the limits of the
comprehensible," which is a beautiful way of saying that he was
practical and not speculative, scientific in spirit and method, and not
theological. He abstained from the unprofitable pursuit of the gods,
whom the Bible says in one place, "no man can find out by searching,"
and devoted himself to the study of man and his world. This is the
religion of sense. There is everything in Shakespeare about man, and
every bit of it is serious; but there is nothing of any consequence
in Shakespeare about God or gods. It is a matter of regret to the
theologian that the great poet should have permitted the secular
interests of life to engage his exclusive thought, but we rejoice in the
fact that Shakespeare could not be tempted into the dusty and winding
paths of theology which lead nowhere.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account