WITH POOR IMMIGRANTS TO AMERICA [Illustration: Logo] THE MACMILLAN COMPANY NEW YORK · BOSTON · CHICAGO · DALLAS ATLANTA · SAN FRANCISCO MACMILLAN & CO., LIMITED LONDON· BOMBAY · CALCUTTA MELBOURNE THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, LTD. TORONTO [Illustration: THE EMIGRANTS IN SIGHT OF THE GREY-GREEN STATUE OF LIBERTY IN NEW YORK HARBOUR.] WITH POOR IMMIGRANTS TO AMERICA BY STEPHEN GRAHAM AUTHOR OF "WITH THE RUSSIAN PILGRIMS TO JERUSALEM" _WITH 32 ILLUSTRATIONS FROM PHOTOGRAPHS BY THE AUTHOR_ New York THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1914 _All rights reserved_ COPYRIGHT, 1914, BY HARPER AND BROTHERS. COPYRIGHT, 1914, BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Set up and electrotyped. Published September, 1914. Norwood Press J. S. Cushing Co.--Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A. NOTE A translation of this book has appeared serially in Russia before publication in Great Britain and America. The matter has accordingly been copyrighted in Russia. My acknowledgments are due to the Editor of _Harper's Magazine_ for permission to republish the story of the journey. I wish to express my thanks to Mrs. James Muirhead, Miss M. A. Best, and to Mr. J. Cotton Dana, who, with unsparing energy and hospitality, helped me to see America as she is. STEPHEN GRAHAM. VLADIKAVKAZ, RUSSIA. CONTENTS PAGE PROLOGUE xi CHAPTER I. THE VOYAGE 1 II. THE ARRIVAL OF THE IMMIGRANT 41 III. THE PASSION OF AMERICA AND THE TRADITION OF BRITAIN 54 IV. INEFFACEABLE MEMORIES OF NEW YORK 73 V. THE AMERICAN ROAD 85 VI. THE REFLECTION OF THE MACHINE 103 VII. RUSSIANS AND SLAVS AT SCRANTON 123 VIII. AMERICAN HOSPITALITY 141 IX. OVER THE ALLEGHANIES 161 X. DECORATION DAY 177 XI. WAYFARERS OF ALL NATIONALITIES 188 XII. CHARACTERISTICS 209 XIII. ALONG ERIE SHORE 225 XIV. THE AMERICAN LANGUAGE 245 XV. THROUGH THE HEART OF THE COUNTRY 252 XVI. THE CHOIR DANCE OF THE RACES 274 XVII. FAREWELL, AMERICA! 294 ILLUSTRATIONS 1. The emigrants in sight of the grey-green statue of Liberty in New York Harbour _Frontispiece_ FACING PAGE 2. Russian women on board-- (_a_) The peasant 12 (_b_) The intellectual and revolutionary type 12 3. The boisterous Flemings 14 4. (_a_) The dreamy Norwegian with the concertina 18 (_b_) The endless dancing 18