Within thirty years the number of men gainfully employed increased by 1,886,790 persons = 22.8 per cent.; the number of women gainfully employed increased by 848,471 = 25.5 per cent. It is especially noteworthy that during 1881, the year of a crisis, the number of men emparent one, since most of the wives and daughters of number of women employed increased by 80,638. The relative decrease of female labor in 1901 is only an apparent one, since most of the wives and daughters of farmers are now counted as having no profession. Besides, during the last twenty years those industries have grown mostly in which male labor is chiefly employed, while the textile industry has relatively, and since 1891, positively declined. Percentage Female of workers 1881 [1901] increase among these Stone and pottery industry 582,474 805,185 53 5,006 Metal works and manufacture of machinery 812,915 1,228,504 52 61,233 Building trades 764,911 1,128,680 47 2,485 Textile trades 1,094,636 1,155,397 5 663,222 Nevertheless female labor has again increased at the expense of male labor. Only the share in increase of female labor that was 12.6 per cent. from 1851 to 1861 and 7.6 per cent. from 1871 to 1881 was reduced to 1.8 per cent. from 1891 to 1901. In the year 1907 the following numbers were counted in the textile industry: 407,360 men = 36.6 per cent. and 679,863 women = 63.4 per cent. In the clothing trades and in commerce female labor has increased much more. But it is furthermore seen that older women are displaced by younger ones, and as women under 25 are mostly unmarried and the older ones are mostly married, or widowed, it is seen that women are displaced by girls. The following are trades in which more women than men are employed in England: Women Men Domestic service 1,690,686 124,263 Clothing trades 711,786 414,637 Textile trades 663,222 492,175 Among these cotton 328,793 193,830 wool and yarn 153,311 106,598 hemp and jute 104,587 45,732 silk 22,589 8,966 embroidery 28,962 9,587