Women Artists in Spain.--Their Participation a Test of general Interest.--Female Representatives of the most important Schools.--That of Seville.--Of Madrid.--The Paintress of Don Quixote.--Ladies of Rank Members of the Academy.--Maria Tibaldi.--Two female Artists besides two Poetesses in Portugal.--The Harvest greater in Italy.--Few attained to Eminence.--Learned Ladies.--Female Doctors and Professors.--Degrees in Jurisprudence and Philosophy conferred on them.--Examples.--The Scholar nine Years old.--A lady Professor of Mathematics.--Women Lecturers.--Comparison with English Ladies.--Brilliant Devotees of the Lyre.--Female Talent in the important Schools of Art.--Women Artists in Florence.--Engravers and Paintresses.--In Naples.--Kitchen-pieces.--In the Cities of northern Italy.--In Bologna.--Princesses.--In Venice.--Rosalba Carriera.--Her childish Work.--Her Genius perceived.--Instruction.--Takes to Pastel-painting.--Merits of her Works.--Celebrity.--Invitations to Paris and Vienna.--Visit from the King of Denmark.--Invited by the Emperor and the King of France.--Portrait for the Grand Duke of Tuscany.--The King of Poland her Patron.--Unspoiled by Honors.--Her moral Worth.--Residence in Paris.--Her Pictures.--The Lady disguised as a Maid-servant.--Want of Beauty.--Anecdote of the Emperor.--Rosalba’s Journal.--Visit to Vienna.--Presentiment of Calamity.--The Portrait wreathed with gloomy Leaves.--Blindness.--Loss of Reason.--Death and Burial.--Her Portrait.--Other Venetian Women. 221 CHAPTER XVI. THE NINETEENTH CENTURY.