But the most striking proof of the connection between cheap labour and handwork is given by one investigator who, whilst being taken over certain large printing works was shown women folding one of the illustrated weekly papers. Folding machines were standing idle in the department, and she was told that these were used by the men when folding had to be done at times when the Factory Law prohibited women's labour.[81] Another employer stated that he had introduced folding machines as a consequence of the legal restrictions placed upon women's labour, whilst another well-known bookbinder said:--"If women would take a fair price for work done it would not be necessary to employ machinery." [Footnote 81: _Cf._ pp 80, 81, etc.] A large printer of magazines reports: "The saving in cost, and therefore the inducement to put in machinery, is much less if higher wages are paid for men doing the work." The scarcity of women's labour, we are told, induced a Manchester printing firm to adopt folding machines; whilst, on the other hand, the cheapness of women's labour has kept linotypes out of Warrington composing rooms. CHAPTER VIII. _HOME WORK._ [Sidenote: Census figures.] The table of occupations compiled from the census of 1901 for the first time indicates the number of home workers. For these trades the figures for women are as follows: +----------------+----------------------------------+-----------+ | _Census | ENGLAND AND WALES. | | | 1901._ +------------+------------+--------+-----------+ | | Unmarried. | Married or | Total. | Total for | | | | Widowed. | | Scotland. | +----------------+------------+------------+--------+-----------+ | Paper | 9 | 10 | 19 | 0 | | manufacture | | | | | +----------------+------------+------------+--------+-----------+ | Paper | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | | stainers | | | | | +----------------+------------+------------+--------+-----------+ | Stationery | 37 | 25 | 62 | 0 | | manufacture | | | | | +----------------+------------+------------+--------+-----------+ | Envelope | 27 | 42 | 69 | 4 | | makers | | | | | +----------------+------------+------------+--------+-----------+ | Paper box (a) | 524 | 1,153 | 1,677 | 36 | | and paper bag | | | | | | makers | | | | | +----------------+------------+------------+--------+-----------+