Women of History: Selected from the Writings of Standard AuthorsVarious
History
Women of History: Selected from the Writings of Standard Authors
Various
Women -- Biography
Her lover attended upon her in the forum, at the theatre, and the
tribunals; he rode with her, or followed her chariot on foot, escorted
by a train of eunuchs; at night he strolled with her through the city,
in the garb of a slave, and encountered abuse and blows from the rabble
of the streets; by day he wore the loose Persian robe, and girded
himself with the Median dagger, and he designated as his palace the
praetorium or general's apartment. Painters and sculptors were charged to
group the illustrious pair together, and the coins of the kingdom bore
the heads and names of both conjointly. The Roman legionary, with the
name of Cleopatra inscribed upon his shield, found himself transformed
into a Macedonian body-guard. Masques were presented at the court, in
which the versatile Plancus sank into the character of a stage buffoon,
and enacted the part of the sea-god Glaucus in curt cerulean vestments,
crowned with the feathery heads of the papyrus, and deformed with the
tail of a fish.
But when Cleopatra arrayed herself in the garb and usurped the
attributes of Isis, and invited her paramour to ape the deity Osiris,
the portentous travesty assumed a deeper significance. It had been the
policy of the Macedonian sovereigns to form an alliance between the
popular superstitions of their Greek and Egyptian subjects. Ptolemaeus
Soter had prevailed on the native priesthood to sanction the
consecration of a new divinity, Serapis, who, if not really of Grecian
origin, was confidently identified by the Greeks with their own Pluto,
or perhaps with Zeus. The Macedonians had admitted with little scruple
their great hero's claims to be the offspring of Ammon, the king of
gods, who was worshipped in the Oasis of the desert. The notion that a
mere man might become exalted into union with deity, favoured by the
rationalising explanations of their popular mythology already current
among the learned, had gradually settled into an indulgent admission of
the royal right of apotheosis. Antony had assumed the character of
Bacchus at Athens. In the metropolis of Grecian scepticism this could
only be regarded as a drunken whim; but when he came forward in
Alexandria as the Nile-God Osiris, the Bacchus or fructifying power of
the Coptic mythology, he claimed as a present deity the veneration of
the credulous Egyptians.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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