Produced by Lesley Halamek, Peter Vachuska, Chris Curnow and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net WOOD AND FOREST _By_ WILLIAM NOYES, M.A. Formerly Assistant Professor of Industrial Arts Teachers College, Columbia University NEW YORK CITY [Illustration] THE MANUAL ARTS PRESS PEORIA, ILLINOIS COPYRIGHT WILLIAM NOYES 1912 _FIFTH EDITION, 1921_ _Printed in United States of America_ FOREWORD This book has been prepared as a companion volume to the author's _Handwork in Wood_.[1] It is an attempt to collect and arrange in available form useful information, now widely scattered, about our common woods, their sources, growth, properties and uses. As in the other volume, the credit for the successful completion of the book is to be given to my wife, Anna Gausmann Noyes, who has made the drawings and maps, corrected the text, read the proof, and carried the work thru to its final completion. Acknowledgments are hereby thankfully made for corrections and suggestions in the text to the following persons: Mr. A. D. Hopkins, of the United States Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology, for revision of the text relating to Insect Enemies of the Forest, in Chapter VI. Mr. George G. Hedgcock, of the United States Bureau of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry, for revision of the text relating to the fungal enemies of the forest, in Chapter VI. Mr. S. T. Dana and Mr. Burnett Barrows, of the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, for revision of Chapters IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII. Professor Charles R. Richards, formerly Head of the Manual Training Department of Teachers College, my predecessor as lecturer of the course out of which this book has grown. Professor M. A. Bigelow, Head of the Department of Botany of Teachers College, for revision of Chapter I, on the Structure of Wood. Mr. Romeyn B. Hough, of Lowville, N. Y., author of _American Woods_ and _Handbook of the Trees of the Northern States and Canada_, for suggestions in preparing the maps in Chapter III. The Forest Service, Washington, D. C., for photographs and maps credited to it, and for permission to reprint the key to the identification of woods which appears in Forest Service Bulletin No. 10, _Timber_, by Filibert Roth. The Division of Publications, U. S. Department of Agriculture, for permission to copy illustrations in bulletins. The Macmillan Company, New York, for permission to reproduce Fig. 86, Portion of the Mycelium of Dry Rot, from _Timber and Some of its Diseases_, by H. M. Ward. Mrs. Katharine Golden Bitting, of Lafayette, Indiana, for the photograph of the cross-section of a bud, Figure 5. Finally and not least I hereby acknowledge my obligations to the various writers and publishers whose books and articles I have freely used. As far as possible, appropriate credit is given in the paged references at the end of each chapter.