EIGHTEEN BENEDICTIONS. The nucleus of each of the three daily services, morning, afternoon, evening, and of the "Additional Service" inserted on Sabbaths, festivals, and the Holy Days, between the morning and afternoon services. Though the number of benedictions is actually nineteen, and at some of the services is reduced to seven, the technical designation remains "Eighteen Benedictions." They are usually said as a "silent prayer" by the congregation, and then recited aloud by the cantor, or precentor. ERETZ YISROEL (Heb.). Palestine. EREV (Heb.). Eve. ERUV (Heb.). A cord, etc., stretched round a town, to mark the limit beyond which no "burden" may be carried on the Sabbath. FAST OF ESTHER. A fast day preceding Purim, the Feast of Esther. "FOUNTAIN OF JACOB." A collection of all the legends, tales, apologues, parables, etc., in the Babylonian Talmud. FOUR-CORNERS (trl. of Arba Kanfos). A fringed garment worn under the ordinary clothes; called also Tallis-koton. _See_ Deut. xxii. 12. FOUR ELLS. Minimum space required by a human being. FOUR QUESTIONS. Put by the youngest child to his father at the Seder. GANZE GOYIM (Ger. and Heb.). Wholly estranged from Jewish life and customs. _See_ Goi. GASS (Ger.). The Jews' street. GEHENNA (Heb.). The nether world; hell. GEMOREH (Heb.). The Talmud, the Rabbinical discussion and elaboration of the Mishnah; a Talmud folio. It is usually read with a peculiar singsong chant, and the reading of argumentative passages is accompanied by a gesture with the thumb. _See, for instance_, pp. 17 and 338. GEMOREH-KOePLECH (Heb. and Ger.). A subtle, keen mind; precocious. GEVIR (Heb.). An influential, rich man.--GEVIRISH, appertaining to a Gevir. GOI (pl. Goyim) (Heb.). A Gentile; a Jew estranged from Jewish life and customs. GOTTINYU (Ger. with Slav. ending). Dear God. GREAT SABBATH, THE. The Sabbath preceding Passover. HAGGADAH (Heb.). The story of the Exodus recited at the home service on the first two evenings of Passover. HOSHANAH (pl. Hoshanos) (Heb.). Osier withe for the Great Hosannah. HOSHANAH-RABBAH (Heb.). The seventh day of the Feast of Tabernacles; the Great Hosannah. HOSTRE CHASSIDIM. Followers of the Rebbe or Tzaddik who lived at Hostre. KADDISH (Heb.). Sanctification, or doxology, recited by mourners, specifically by children in memory of parents during the first eleven months after their death, and thereafter on every anniversary of the day of their death; applied to an only son, on whom will devolve the duty of reciting the prayer on the death of his parents; sometimes applied to the oldest son, and to sons in general. KALLEH (Heb.) Bride. KALLEH-LEBEN (Heb. and Ger.). Dear bride. KALLEHSHI (Heb. and Russ. dimin.). Dear bride. KASHA (Slav.). Pap. KEDUSHAH (Heb.). Sanctification; the central part of the public service, of which the "Holy, holy, holy," forms a sentence. KERBEL, KERBLECH (Ger.). A ruble.