Zanzibar; city, island, and coast. Vol. 1 (of 2)Burton, Richard Francis, Sir
History
Zanzibar; city, island, and coast. Vol. 1 (of 2)
Burton, Richard Francis, Sir
Africa, East -- Description and travel; Ethnology -- Tanzania -- Zanzibar; Zanzibar -- Description and travel
Here the principal clan of the Hináwi tribe is the Hárisí (plural Hurs),
under Abdullah bin Salím and Husayn bin Mahommed: once flourishing in
Oman, it now barely numbers 15,000 sabres, and in the Island it may
amount to 300, mostly merchants and wealthy planters. The other
divisions are the Bú (or Ayyál) Sa’íd; the ruling race which forms one
large family—that of the Sayyid. There are also about a dozen of the
Benu Lamk, whose preponderance in Oman was broken down by the Yu’rabi
Imams. The minor sections of the Hináwi are the Benu Yas of Sur; the
Benu Menasir near Sharjah; the Benu Ali; the Benu Baktashi; the Benu
Uhaybi; the Benu el Hijri; the Benu Kalban; the Benu el Abri; and the
Benu bu Hasan, generally pronounced Bohsan. A few of the Benu Dafri or
Dafil at times visit the Island: they are professional carriers, and
therefore they have no blood feuds with other tribes. Besides, these are
Ammari, Adwani, Kuruni, Khuzuri, Saláhameh, and Nayyáyareh; most of them
frequent Zanzibar during the trading season.
The pure Gháfiri stock is still, they say, to be found in Nejd.
Throughout Oman they are a wild unruly race, hostile to strangers, and
inclined to Wahhabi-ism. They possess at several places little castles
armed with guns which are mere robbers’ dens; near Mina the Chief
Musalim refused allegiance to Sayyid Saíd, and south of the Jebel el
Akhzar, or ‘Green Mountain,’ they made themselves the terror of the
country-side about Buraymah. The worst of the Gháfiri are the Kawásim
pirates (the Anglo-Arabic ‘Jowasmees’) of Ras el Khaymah and our old
enemies the Benu bu Ali of Ra’as el Hadd. To them also belong the Shaksi
or Benu Ruwayhah, popularly called Ahl Rustak, from the settlement
founded by the Persian Anushirawán on the eastern slope of Jebel el
Akhzar, the mountainous district of Oman. It is about 70 miles west of
Maskat, which, now the capital, began life as its harbour. The present
representative of the Rustak chiefs, Sayyid Kays bin Azan, receives an
annual indemnification of $3000 from Sayyid Saíd, who had dispossessed
him of Sohar and its dependencies. Súr also belongs to the Gháfiri, of
whom, in these places, little good is spoken; they are said to be at
once cruel and cowardly, to fear no shame, and to respect no oath. We
shall soon be compelled to chastise these petty sea-thieves and
kidnappers.
At Zanzibar the Gháfiri is represented chiefly by the Masakirah or
Maskari clan, which under its chief, Sayf bin Khalfan, may number 2000
sabres. The Mazru’i of Mombasah, so well known in Sawahil history, were
also Gháfiri: they are now scattered about Gasi and other small Bandars,
retaining nothing of their political consequence. The Yu’rabi clan,
which gave to Oman its old patriotic Imams, is of scant account. The
other sections, who are for the most part visitors during the commercial
season, comprise the Jenabah, the Bímáni, the Benu Katúb, the Benu bu
Ali, and the Benu Riyám of Nezwah in the Jebel el Akhzar.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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