Zanzibar; city, island, and coast. Vol. 1 (of 2)Burton, Richard Francis, Sir
History
Zanzibar; city, island, and coast. Vol. 1 (of 2)
Burton, Richard Francis, Sir
Africa, East -- Description and travel; Ethnology -- Tanzania -- Zanzibar; Zanzibar -- Description and travel
The faith of the Bayázi is narrow and exclusive, a monopoly of
righteousness, a moral study of the infinitely little. Amongst
Christians I can compare him only with the ‘hard-grit’ style of
Baptists, who aspire alone to people a Heaven in which the letter H is
of no account. All who do not profess his tenets are Kafirs, and, as it
is a standing belief that whoso calls a Moslem Kafir becomes a Kafir
himself, they are replied to in kind. Each of the 73 schools naturally
considers itself the ‘Nájiyah,’ or Saving Faith; but it is not justified
in consigning to Jehannum those that do not agree with it. The Bayázi
condemn all the Sunnis, and especially the Shafeis, who expect actually
to see the Deity (el Ru’uyah) during the next life. Quoting the debated
passage of the Koran ‘Sight shall not see Him’ (لاتدمرکه الابصار), the
Kharijis agree that if the Lord be visible, He must be material and
personal, consequently created and unessential. In these matters they go
beyond their depth; but who, it may be asked, attempts the subject and
does not? The idea of the Godhead varies with every race, of which it is
the highest mental and moral expression; the higher the conception the
higher will be the intellectual status, and vice versâ; even the same
race constantly modifies its hold for better or for worse. I do not
believe that the sages of Greece and Rome were polytheists or idolaters,
although they may have sacrificed cocks to Esculapius. Under almost all
mythologies, even the Hindu, there is an underlying faith in monotheism.
But the God of the Jews, of the Christians, and of the Moslems, differs
in kind as well as in degree, even as the God of Calvin would not be the
God of Channing. A late writer has published several pages of very good
writing and very bad reasoning, upon the contrast of the Deity, as
worshipped by Christianity and by El Islam. His error has been to assume
Wahhabiism for the typical form of the latter. I might as well work out
the theory that the Anabaptist Protestant is the Christian _par
excellence_. Like the article on the Talmud which lately created so much
attention, it is an able bit of special pleading and no more.
Amongst Moslems, Paradise is supposed to embrace the extent of the earth
and firmament, and the late Sayyid used quaintly to remark, that his
scanty orthodox subjects would people it but poorly. The Bayázi, unlike
others of the Saving Faith, which we may better translate ‘le Salut,’
hold hell-fire to be the eternal portion of even their own sinners; thus
literally interpreting the text, ‘ever, to all eternity (dwelling) in it
(hell),’—خالدين فيها ابدًا. They have no prayer-station round the
Ka’abah, and they relieve then chagrin by proving these oratories to be
‘novelties,’ unknown to the Prophet’s day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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