Zoölogy: The Science of Animal Life: Popular Science Library, Volume XII (of 16), P. F. Collier & Son Company, 1922 — John Shaqi
Zoölogy: The Science of Animal Life: Popular Science Library, Volume XII (of 16), P. F. Collier & Son Company, 1922Ingersoll, Ernest
Science
Zoölogy: The Science of Animal Life: Popular Science Library, Volume XII (of 16), P. F. Collier & Son Company, 1922
Ingersoll, Ernest
Animals; Zoology
The world-wide distribution of the earthworm is to some extent owing
to man's agency. On our northwestern plains, for example, these worms
originally were absent, but are now widely distributed and flourishing
there, having been carried from the east, as eggs or small worms, in
the soil packed about the roots of trees and shrubs transplanted to
western orchards and gardens. This fact may have something to do with
the recent westward spread of the robin, which, more than any other of
our birds, is a hunter of them. Except where excessively numerous these
worms do far more good than harm in a garden.
The naids (Naidæ) are small transparent worms that creep about on
vegetation in fresh water, and, besides laying large eggs, they
occasionally divide into two at a place in the body that appears
arranged for this purpose, for it consists of a zone of very elementary
tissue. "Gradually," as Minot records, "the tissue of this interpolated
zone transforms itself into muscles, nerves, etc., and, growing
meanwhile, it forms in front a new tailpiece to patch out the anterior
half of the worm, and behind it forms a new head for the posterior
half of the original body. The zone then breaks and there are now two
worms." A relative, the lumbriculus, does the trick in a much more
prosaic way, breaking in two first, and letting the separate halves
acquire head or tail as best they may. This ability to reproduce lost
parts is of much service in the life of the species and often of the
individual, which may still live after some water tiger has bitten it
in two--and these worms are at the base of the food supply of rivers
and ponds, and would soon be exterminated were they not capable of
rapid and profuse multiplication.
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