Zuñi Fetiches: Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1880-1881, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1883, pages 3-45Cushing, Frank Hamilton
Religion
Zuñi Fetiches: Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1880-1881, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1883, pages 3-45
_b._ K'ia-pin=á-hâ-i, from _k'ia-pin-na_=raw, and _á-hâ-i_=beings. Of
these, however, three divisions are made:
(1.) K'ia-pin-á-hâ-i=game animals, specifically applied to those animals
furnishing flesh to man.
(2.) K'iä-shem-á-hâ-i, from _k'iä-we_=water, _she-man_=wanting, and
_á-hâ-i_=beings, the water animals, specially applied not only to them,
but also to all animals and animal gods supposed to be associated
sacredly with water, and through which water is supplicated.
(3.) Wé-ma-á-hâ-i, from _we-ma_=prey, and _á-hâ-i_=beings, "Prey
Beings," applied alike to the prey animals and their representatives
among the gods. Finally we have the terms--
_c._ Ak-na=á-hâ-i, from _ák-na_=done, cooked, or baked, ripe, and
_á-hâ-i_=beings, the "Done Beings," referring to mankind; and
_d_. Äsh-i-k'ia=á-hâ-i, from _ä′sh-k'ia_=made, finished, and
_á-hâ-i_=beings, "Finished Beings," including the dead of mankind.
That very little distinction is made between these orders of life, or
that they are at least closely related, seems to be indicated by the
absence from the entire language of any general term for _God_. True,
there are many beings in Zuñi Mythology godlike in attributes,
anthropomorphic, monstrous, and elemental, which are known as the
"Finishers or makers of the paths of life," while the most superior of
all is called the "Holder of the paths (of our lives)," Hâ′-no-o-na
wí-la-po-na. Not only these gods, but all supernatural beings, men,
animals, plants, and many objects in nature, are regarded as personal
existences, and are included in the one term _á-hâ-i_, from _á_, the
plural particle signifying "all," and _hâ-i_, being or life,="Life,"
"the Beings." This again leads us to the important and interesting
conclusion that all beings, whether deistic and supernatural, or
animistic and mortal, are regarded as belonging to one system; and that
they are likewise believed to be related by blood seems to be indicated
by the fact that human beings are spoken of as the "children of men,"
while _all_ other beings are referred to as "the Fathers," the
"All-fathers," and "Our Fathers."
THE WORSHIP OF ANIMALS.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Zuñi Fetiches: Second Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, 1880-1881, Government Printing Office, Washington, 1883, pages 3-45 — John Shaqi
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