جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( صلوات الله عليه ) فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِنَّ نَاساً زَعَمُوا أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ لَا يَزْنِي وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَسْرِقُ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَأْكُلُ الرِّبَا وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ وَ لَا يَسْفِكُ الدَّمَ الْحَرَامَ وَ هُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَقَدْ ثَقُلَ عَلَيَّ هَذَا وَ حَرِجَ مِنْهُ صَدْرِي حِينَ أَزْعُمُ أَنَّ هَذَا الْعَبْدَ يُصَلِّي صَلَاتِي وَ يَدْعُو دُعَائِي وَ يُنَاكِحُنِي وَ أُنَاكِحُهُ وَ يُوَارِثُنِي وَ أُوَارِثُهُ وَ قَدْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ مِنْ أَجْلِ ذَنْبٍ يَسِيرٍ أَصَابَهُ فَقَالَ أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ( صلوات الله عليه ) صَدَقْتَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ( صلى الله عليه وآله ) يَقُولُ وَ الدَّلِيلُ عَلَيْهِ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ النَّاسَ عَلَى ثَلَاثِ طَبَقَاتٍ وَ أَنْزَلَهُمْ ثَلَاثَ مَنَازِلَ وَ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فِي الْكِتَابِ أَصْحَابُ الْمَيْمَنَةِ وَ أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ وَ السَّابِقُونَ فَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرَ مِنْ أَمْرِ السَّابِقِينَ فَإِنَّهُمْ أَنْبِيَاءُ مُرْسَلُونَ وَ غَيْرُ مُرْسَلِينَ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ خَمْسَةَ أَرْوَاحٍ رُوحَ الْقُدُسِ وَ رُوحَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ رُوحَ الْقُوَّةِ وَ رُوحَ الشَّهْوَةِ وَ رُوحَ الْبَدَنِ فَبِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ بُعِثُوا أَنْبِيَاءَ مُرْسَلِينَ وَ غَيْرَ مُرْسَلِينَ وَ بِهَا عَلِمُوا الْأَشْيَاءَ وَ بِرُوحِ الْإِيمَانِ عَبَدُوا اللَّهَ وَ لَمْ يُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئاً وَ بِرُوحِ الْقُوَّةِ جَاهَدُوا عَدُوَّهُمْ وَ عَالَجُوا مَعَاشَهُمْ وَ بِرُوحِ الشَّهْوَةِ أَصَابُوا لَذِيذَ الطَّعَامِ وَ نَكَحُوا الْحَلَالَ مِنْ شَبَابِ النِّسَاءِ وَ بِرُوحِ الْبَدَنِ دَبُّوا وَ دَرَجُوا فَهَؤُلَاءِ مَغْفُورٌ لَهُمْ مَصْفُوحٌ عَنْ ذُنُوبِهِمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ تِلْكَ الرُّسُلُ فَضَّلْنا بَعْضَهُمْ عَلى بَعْضٍ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ كَلَّمَ اللَّهُ وَ رَفَعَ بَعْضَهُمْ دَرَجاتٍ وَ آتَيْنا عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ الْبَيِّناتِ وَ أَيَّدْناهُ بِرُوحِ الْقُدُسِ ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي جَمَاعَتِهِمْ وَ أَيَّدَهُمْ بِرُوحٍ مِنْهُ يَقُولُ أَكْرَمَهُمْ بِهَا فَفَضَّلَهُمْ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ فَهَؤُلَاءِ مَغْفُورٌ لَهُمْ مَصْفُوحٌ عَنْ ذُنُوبِهِمْ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ أَصْحَابَ الْمَيْمَنَةِ وَ هُمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ حَقّاً بِأَعْيَانِهِمْ جَعَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمْ أَرْبَعَةَ أَرْوَاحٍ رُوحَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ رُوحَ الْقُوَّةِ وَ رُوحَ الشَّهْوَةِ وَ رُوحَ الْبَدَنِ فَلَا يَزَالُ الْعَبْدُ يَسْتَكْمِلُ هَذِهِ الْأَرْوَاحَ الْأَرْبَعَةَ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَ عَلَيْهِ حَالَاتٌ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا هَذِهِ الْحَالَاتُ فَقَالَ أَمَّا أُولَاهُنَّ فَهُوَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ وَ مِنْكُمْ مَنْ يُرَدُّ إِلى أَرْذَلِ الْعُمُرِ لِكَيْ لا يَعْلَمَ بَعْدَ عِلْمٍ شَيْئاً فَهَذَا يَنْتَقِصُ مِنْهُ جَمِيعُ الْأَرْوَاحِ وَ لَيْسَ بِالَّذِي يَخْرُجُ مِنْ دِينِ اللَّهِ لِأَنَّ الْفَاعِلَ بِهِ رَدَّهُ إِلَى أَرْذَلِ عُمُرِهِ فَهُوَ لَا يَعْرِفُ لِلصَّلَاةِ وَقْتاً وَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ التَّهَجُّدَ بِاللَّيْلِ وَ لَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَ لَا الْقِيَامَ فِي الصَّفِّ مَعَ النَّاسِ فَهَذَا نُقْصَانٌ مِنْ رُوحِ الْإِيمَانِ وَ لَيْسَ يَضُرُّهُ شَيْئاً وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْتَقِصُ مِنْهُ رُوحُ الْقُوَّةِ فَلَا يَسْتَطِيعُ جِهَادَ عَدُوِّهِ وَ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ طَلَبَ الْمَعِيشَةِ وَ مِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَنْتَقِصُ مِنْهُ رُوحُ الشَّهْوَةِ فَلَوْ مَرَّتْ بِهِ أَصْبَحُ بَنَاتِ آدَمَ لَمْ يَحِنَّ إِلَيْهَا وَ لَمْ يَقُمْ وَ تَبْقَى رُوحُ الْبَدَنِ فِيهِ فَهُوَ يَدِبُّ وَ يَدْرُجُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَهَذَا الْحَالُ خَيْرٌ لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ هُوَ الْفَاعِلُ بِهِ وَ قَدْ تَأْتِي عَلَيْهِ حَالَاتٌ فِي قُوَّتِهِ وَ شَبَابِهِ فَيَهُمُّ بِالْخَطِيئَةِ فَيُشَجِّعُهُ رُوحُ الْقُوَّةِ وَ يُزَيِّنُ لَهُ رُوحُ الشَّهْوَةِ وَ يَقُودُهُ رُوحُ الْبَدَنِ حَتَّى تُوْقِعَهُ فِي الْخَطِيئَةِ فَإِذَا لَامَسَهَا نَقَصَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ تَفَصَّى مِنْهُ فَلَيْسَ يَعُودُ فِيهِ حَتَّى يَتُوبَ فَإِذَا تَابَ تَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ إِنْ عَادَ أَدْخَلَهُ اللَّهُ نَارَ جَهَنَّمَ فَأَمَّا أَصْحَابُ الْمَشْأَمَةِ فَهُمُ الْيَهُودُ وَ النَّصَارَى يَقُولُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الَّذِينَ آتَيْناهُمُ الْكِتابَ يَعْرِفُونَهُ كَما يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْناءَهُمْ يَعْرِفُونَ مُحَمَّداً وَ الْوَلَايَةَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ وَ الْإِنْجِيلِ كَمَا يَعْرِفُونَ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَ إِنَّ فَرِيقاً مِنْهُمْ لَيَكْتُمُونَ الْحَقَّ وَ هُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ الْحَقُّ مِنْ رَبِّكَ أَنَّكَ الرَّسُولُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَلا تَكُونَنَّ مِنَ الْمُمْتَرِينَ فَلَمَّا جَحَدُوا مَا عَرَفُوا ابْتَلَاهُمُ اللَّهُ بِذَلِكَ فَسَلَبَهُمْ رُوحَ الْإِيمَانِ وَ أَسْكَنَ أَبْدَانَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةَ أَرْوَاحٍ رُوحَ الْقُوَّةِ وَ رُوحَ الشَّهْوَةِ وَ رُوحَ الْبَدَنِ ثُمَّ أَضَافَهُمْ إِلَى الْأَنْعَامِ فَقَالَ إِنْ هُمْ إِلَّا كَالْأَنْعامِ لِأَنَّ الدَّابَّةَ إِنَّمَا تَحْمِلُ بِرُوحِ الْقُوَّةِ وَ تَعْتَلِفُ بِرُوحِ الشَّهْوَةِ وَ تَسِيرُ بِرُوحِ الْبَدَنِ فَقَالَ لَهُ السَّائِلُ أَحْيَيْتَ قَلْبِي بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ .
Translation
A number of our companions, from ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Khalid, from his father, raising it from Muhammad in Dawood Al Ghanawy, from Al Asbagh Bin Nubata who said, ‘A man came over to Amir Al-<span class="iTxt">Momin</span>een<sup>asws</sup> and he said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen<sup>asws</sup>! The people are alleging that the servant neither commits adultery while he is a <span class="iTxt">Momin</span>, nor steal while he is a <span class="iTxt">Momin</span>, nor drink the wine while he is a <span class="iTxt">Momin</span>, nor consume the usury while he is a <span class="iTxt">Momin</span>, nor shed the blood unlawfully while he is a <span class="iTxt">Momin</span>. So this has been heavy upon me, and my chest is constricted from him where I claim that this servant is pray my (kind of) <span class="iTxt">Salāt</span>, and supplicating my (kind of) supplication, and is marrying into my (family) and I marry into his, and he inherits me and I inherit him, and he has exited from the <span class="iTxt">Emān</span> for the reason of the few sins hitting him’. So Amir Al-<span class="iTxt">Momin</span>een<sup>asws</sup> said: ‘You speak the truth. I<sup>asws</sup> heard Rasool-Allah<sup>saww</sup> saying, and the Book of Allah<sup>azwj</sup> evidenced upon it. Allah<sup>azwj</sup> Mighty and Majestic Created the people upon three categories and Gave them three statuses, and these are the Words of Allah<sup>azwj</sup> Mighty and Majestic in the Book being the companions of the right and the companions of the left and the foremost ones. So, as for what He<sup>azwj</sup> Metioned from the matter of the foremost ones, so they are the Prophets<sup>as</sup>, being Sent with a Law and without a Law. Allah<sup>azwj</sup> made five spirits to be in them – the Holy spirit, and the spirit of the <span class="iTxt">Emān</span>, and the spirit of the strength, and the spirit of the desires, and the spirit of the body. So, by the Holy spirit the Prophets<sup>as</sup> are Sent, Mursils and non-Mursils, and by it they<sup>as</sup> know the things; and by the spirit of the <span class="iTxt">Emān</span>, they<sup>as</sup> worship Allah<sup>azwj</sup> and they do not associate anything with Him<sup>azwj</sup>; and by the spirit of the strength they<sup>as</sup> fight against their<sup>as</sup> enemies they handle their<sup>as</sup> lives; and by the spirit of the desire, they<sup>as</sup> attain the pleasure of the good, and Permissible marriages from the youthful women; and by the spirit of the body, they<sup>as</sup> come and go. So they<sup>as</sup> are the Forgiven, being Forgiven from their<sup>as</sup> sins’. Then He<sup>azwj</sup> Said <span class="ibTxt"><a href="/#/books/quran:2#h253"><a href="/books/quran:2#h253">[2:253]</a></a> We have made some of these Rasools to excel the others; among them are they to whom Allah Spoke, and some of them He Exalted by rank; and We Gave clear miracles to Isa son of Maryam, and Strengthened him with the Holy Spirit</span>. Then Said <span class="ibTxt"><a href="/#/books/quran:58#h22"><a href="/books/quran:58#h22">[58:22]</a></a> and He has Supported them with a Spirit from Him</span>. He<sup>azwj</sup> Saying that He<sup>azwj</sup> Honoured them with it, Preferred them<sup>as</sup> over the ones besides them. So they<sup>as</sup> are the Forgiven, being Forgiven from their<sup>as</sup> sins. Then He<sup>azwj</sup> Mentioned the companions of the right, and they are the <span class="iTxt">Momineen</span> truly in the meaning. Allah<sup>azwj</sup> Made four spirits to be in them – the spirit of the <span class="iTxt">Emān</span>, and the spirit of the strength, and the spirit of the desires, and spirit of the body. So the servant would not cease to complete these spirits until there come to him certain states’. So the man said, ‘O Amir Al-Momineen<sup>asws</sup>! What are these states?’ So he<sup>asws</sup> said: ‘As for the first of these, so it is just as Allah<sup>azwj</sup> Mighty and Majestic <span class="ibTxt"><a href="/#/books/quran:22#h5"><a href="/books/quran:22#h5">[22:5]</a></a> and of you is he who is Brought back to the lowest part of life, so that after having knowledge he does not know anything</span>. So the entirety of the spirits are deficient from him, and it is not by which he exits from the Religion of Allah<sup>azwj</sup>, because the performer of it is returned to the lowest part of his life. Thus, he neither recognises the timings of the <span class="iTxt">Salāt</span>, nor does he have the capacity of the vigil by the night, nor by the day, nor for the standing in the row along with the people (for the <span class="iTxt">Salāt</span>). So this is a reduction from the spirit of the <span class="iTxt">Emān</span>, and it is not which would harm him by anything. And from them is one from whom the spirit of the strength is deficient, so he is not able upon fighting his enemies, and he is not able upon seeking the livelihood. And from them is one from whom the spirit of the desire is deficient, so were he to pass by the daughter of Adam<sup>as</sup>, he would not incline towards her and he does not stand, and there would remain the spirit of the body in him. So he would be coming and going until the Angel of death comes over. So this state is better, because Allah<sup>azwj</sup> Mighty and Majestic, He<sup>azwj</sup> is the Doer with it, and there had come states upon him during his strength and his youth, so he thought of the sins and the spirit of the strength had encouraged him, and the spirit of the desire had adorned it for him, and the spirit of the body had guided him until he indulged in the sin. So when he touches it (the sin) there would be a reduction from the <span class="iTxt">Emān</span> and he would be rid from it. So he would not repeat in it until he repents. So when he does repent, Allah<sup>azwj</sup> would Turn towards him (with Mercy), and if he repeats, Allah<sup>azwj</sup> would Enter him into the Fire of Hell. So as for the companions of the left, so they are the Jews and the Christians. Allah<sup>azwj</sup> Mighty and Majestic is Saying <span class="ibTxt"><a href="/#/books/quran:2#h146"><a href="/books/quran:2#h146">[2:146]</a></a> Those whom We have Given the Book recognise him as they are recognising their own sons</span>. They are recognising Muhammad<sup>saww</sup> and the Wilayah in the Torah and the Evangel just as they are recognising their fathers in their own houses <span class="ibTxt">and a party of them are concealing the Truth while they know (it). <a href="/#/books/quran:2#h147"><a href="/books/quran:2#h147">[2:147]</a></a> The Truth is from your Lord</span> that you<sup>saww</sup> are the Rasool<sup>saww</sup> to them <span class="ibTxt">therefore you should not be of the doubters</span>. So when they fought against what they recognised, Allah<sup>azwj</sup> Afflicted them due to that and Confiscate the spirit of the <span class="iTxt">Emān</span> from them, and three spirits settled in their bodies – the spirit of the strength, and the spirit of the desire, and spirit of the body. Then He<sup>azwj</sup> Added them to the cattle, so He<sup>azwj</sup> Said <span class="ibTxt"><a href="/#/books/quran:25#h44"><a href="/books/quran:25#h44">[25:44]</a></a> They are nothing but like cattle</span>, because the animals ratter, carry (load) by the spirit of the strength and feed by the spirit of the desire, and they travel by the spirit of the body’. So the questioner said to him<sup style="font-weight: normal">asws</sup>, ‘You<sup style="font-weight: normal">asws</sup> have revived my heart, O Amir Al-<span class="iTxt">Momineen</span><sup style="font-weight: normal">asws</sup>’.
Compiled by Shaykh Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni
Source
License: Free for educational and research use (Thaqalayn Data API)
Provided for research and educational purposes. Original source: Thaqalayn Project. Open License.