A Moslem seeker after God : $b showing Islam at its best in the life and teaching of al-Ghazali, mystic and theologian of the eleventh century — Al-Ghazali — John Shaqi
A Moslem seeker after God : $b showing Islam at its best in the life and teaching of al-Ghazali, mystic and theologian of the eleventh century
Al-Ghazali · en
Christians might well regard Al-Ghazali’s mystical method of reading the
Koran in their perusal of the Scriptures. He tells us we must regard
eight things: the greatness of the revelation; the majesty of the
Speaker; the need of a prepared heart; meditation; understanding the
content of the passage, not twisting its meaning; we are to make the
application to ourselves; and finally we must read it so that its effect
may show in our lives. By the word Koran, he says, “we mean not the
reading but the following of the teaching, for the movement of the tongue
in pronouncing the words is of little value. The true reading is when the
tongue and the mind and the heart are associated. The part of the tongue
is to pronounce the words clearly in chanting. The part of the mind is
to interpret the meaning. The part of the heart is to translate it into
life. So that the tongue chants and the mind interprets and the heart is
a preacher and a warner.”
The greatest chapter of his _opus magnum_ is undoubtedly that on
Repentance. It may well be compared with the fifty-first Psalm or the
seventh chapter of St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans. That Al-Ghazali
himself had a deep sense of sin, no one can doubt. He was not a Pharisee
but an earnest seeker after God. He teaches clearly that all the
prophets, including Mohammed, were sinners, although he nowhere mentions
any sinfulness in Jesus Christ.
One of the most important passages is that in which he speaks of the
benefit of asking pardon. It reads as follows: “Said Mohammed the Prophet
(upon him be peace): ‘Verily, I ask forgiveness of God and repent towards
Him every day seventy times.’” He said this, so says Al-Ghazali, although
God had already testified, “We have forgiven thee, thy former and thy
latter sins.” “Said the Prophet of God, ‘Truly a faintness comes over my
heart until I ask God forgiveness every day one hundred times.’ And said
the Prophet (on him be peace), ‘Whosoever says when he goes to sleep,
“I ask forgiveness of the Great God, than whom there is no other, the
living, and I repent of my sins three times,” God will forgive him his
sins even though they were as the foam of the seas or its sands piled up,
or as the numbers of the leaves on the trees or the days of the world.’
And said the Prophet of God (upon him be peace), ‘Whosoever says that
word I will forgive his sins though he deserts the army.’” Al-Ghazali
relates a story of one Hudhifa, who said, “I was accustomed to speak
sharply to my wife, and I said, ‘O, Apostle of God, I am afraid lest my
tongue should cause me to enter the fire,’ and then the Prophet of God
(upon whom be peace) said, ‘Where art thou in asking for forgiveness
compared with me, for I ask forgiveness of God every day one hundred
times.’ And ʾAyesha said (may God give her His favour), concerning the
Prophet, ‘He said to me, “If you have committed a sin ask forgiveness
of God and repent to Him, for true repentance for a sin is turning away