A Moslem seeker after God : $b showing Islam at its best in the life and teaching of al-Ghazali, mystic and theologian of the eleventh century
Al-Ghazali · en
Jesus Christ is the Touch-Stone of character, the Master of all spiritual
leaders and the one supreme and infallible Judge who can pronounce
an unerring verdict concerning the truth of any religious system or
teaching. What place has Jesus in the teaching of the greatest of all
Moslem theologians, what place had He in the heart of this great mystic,
this seeker after God, who, whatever else he may have been, was utterly
sincere in his search? Al-Ghazali, as a student of the Koran, must have
noticed that in this book Christ occupies a high place; no fewer than
three of the chapters of the Koran, namely, that of Amram’s Family
(Surah III), that of The Table (Surah V), and that of Mary (Surah XIX),
derive their names from references to Jesus Christ and His work. The
very fact that Jesus Christ has a place in the literature of Islam,
and is acknowledged by all Moslems as one of their greater prophets
in itself therefore challenges comparison between Him and Mohammed.
Did Al-Ghazali ever meet this challenge and in how far did he compare
Mohammed with Christ? It is our purpose in this chapter to answer the
question by collating all the important references in the _Ihya_ and his
other works and then to draw some conclusions both as to his sources and
his opinions. The reader may judge for himself how far Al-Ghazali is a
schoolmaster to lead Moslems to Christ.
We search in vain among all his works for a sketch of the life of Christ
or of His teaching. Al-Ghazali doubtless had read and was probably well
acquainted with the only popular work known which gives a connected
account of the life of Jesus Christ according to Moslem sources,
namely, _Kitab qusus al Anbiya_ by _Ibn Ibrahim Ath-Thaʾlabi_, a doctor
of theology of the Shafi School, who died in A. H. 427 (A. D. 1036).
The fabulous character of this mass of traditions has been shown in a
translation of the section which deals with Jesus Christ.[83] Al-Ghazali
does not give altogether the same stories as are given by Ath-Thaʾlabi
but gives a great number of other incidents and reported sayings, many
of which resemble those found in the Gospels and others which are wholly
apocryphal.