Σμαρὶς, a poor sea-fish, Sparus smaris, 228. Σμύξον, see μύξων. Σμύραινα, see μύραινα. Σμύρος, see μύρος. Σπάρος, a sea-fish, Sparus Maina, _Strack_, 44. Σπάρτον, a shrub, broom, Genista, Stipa tenacissima, 266. Σπάταγος, Spatangus, sea-egg, 86. Σπίζα, finch, Fringilla, 35; eats worms, 202; habitation, 240. Σπιζίας, sparrow-hawk, Falco Nisus, 201, 253. Σπιζίτης, a kind of titmouse, Parus ater or major, 202. Σπόγγος, sponge, Spongia officinalis, 3; growth, 118; three kinds, _ib._; very like a plant, 195; pores in sponges, 246. Σπονδύλη or σφονδύλη, probably a kind of beetle, living in the roots of plants, Carabus, 107, 223, 252. Σταφυλῖνος, an insect like the Sphondyle, Staphylinus murinus, 223. Στρόμβος, Turbinated shells, Helix, Turbo, &c., 13, 85, 86, 118. Στρομβώδη, univalve mollusks, 85, 86; on land and marine, 84; have an operculum, 117. Στρουθὸς, sparrow, Fringilla domestica, 40, 45, 64, 102; eats worms, 202; the hens are said to live longer, 240; compared with the Halcyon, 245; washes and dusts itself, 277; in Lybia, ostrich, Struthiocamelus, 246. Στρουθὸς, a flat fish, Pleuronectes passer, 40. Στύραξ, the gum storax, Storax officinalis, 93. Συκαλὶς, fig-pecker, Italian beccafico, the melancoryphus in its summer plumage, Motacilla Atricapilla, or Parus ater, _Strack_, Sylvia fidecula, 202, 276. Συκάμινον, the fruit of the mulberry tree, 221. Σῦκα, figs, used for feeding swine, 206, 221. Συκῶν κάμπαι, a caterpillar in figs, 126. Σύμφυτον, a plant, Symphytun officinale, comfrey, or gypsophila arundinacea, 245. Συναγρὶς, a fish, Sparus dentex, 37, 40. Συρία πόα, a plant loved by bees, 268. Σῦς, swine, Sus scropha, no wild swine in Libya, 225; the domestic pig eats snails, 255. Σφαῖραι θαλάττιαι, a species of zoophyte, perhaps Alcyonia, 246. Σφήξ, wasp, Vespa vulgaris, V. tectorum, V. crabro, generic name, 3, 4, 88, 89; larva, 124; a kind called ichneumon, Ammophila sabulosa, 127, 130; a diligent insect, 258; the annual wasp, 260; hostile to bees, 265, 267; two species, 268. Σφύραινα, a gregarious sea-fish, Esox sphyræna, 234. Σχοίνικλος or σχοινίων, a water-bird, Emberiza Schœniclus L. _Schneider_, 203, 234. Σχοινίων, Sylvia arundinacea, 234. Σωλὴν, Solen, Soleneuntus trigillatus, _Spratt's Lycia_, 82, 94, 117, 118, 195. Τ Ταινία, a long thin fish, probably Cepola tænia, _Strack_, 37. Ταινίαι πλατείαι, flat entozoa, 238. Ταπύνος, see τύμπανος. Ταῦρος, bull, Bos taurus, 48, 67, 68, 168; horns, 100; fierce in the breeding season, 161; bulls fight together, 163. Ταὼς, peacock, Pavo cristatus, 6; barren eggs, reproduction, 140, 148. Τενθρηδὼν, a kind of bee or wasp, Apis terrestris, _Strack_, makes honey, 260; reproduction, 271. Τερηδὼν, a caterpillar in bee-hives, 225.