The Two First Centuries of Florentine History: The Republic and Parties at the Time of Dante. Fourth Impression.
Dante Alighieri · en
With the aid and benediction of Pope Clement IV., Charles of Anjou
brought an army composed not only of his own subjects, but of many
Italians, among whom the exiled Florentine Guelphs were some of the
most distinguished for bravery.[283] He advanced to the Neapolitan
frontier, and near Benevento, on February 26, 1266, gave battle to the
foe. King Manfred fought valiantly, and when forsaken and betrayed by
his soldiery, died the death of a hero on the field. For three days,
vain search was made for his corpse among the slain, then it was found,
and carried off on the back of an ass. The French monarch refused
Manfred burial in consecrated ground, because the Pope had declared
him excommunicate. Accordingly he was laid in a ditch by the bridge
of Benevento, where the French soldiers, casting each a stone on the
corpse, raised a pile that proved a fitting monument to the courage
and ill fortune of a warrior slain sword in hand. But Pope Clement
grudged him even this humble grave, and at his command the Archbishop
of Cosenza persuaded the Angevin monarch to have the corpse exhumed,
and thrown beyond the frontier of the Neapolitan kingdom, on the banks
of the river Verde.[284] All these events completed the overthrow of
the Ghibelline party in Italy. The Imperial throne stood vacant, the
Suabians were crushed, and another foreign dynasty succeeded them in
Naples, summoned thither by the Pope. If Frederic's decease had caused
the decline of the Ghibellines in Florence, it is easy to imagine
what was to befal them now that their evil sway had accumulated such
increased detestation of their rule, and that the death of Manfred
not only deprived them of a friendly sovereign, but extinguished in
Italy the domination of an Imperial and royal line that had been their
strongest support.