These names are in the Hegelian sense of the term 'abstract.' In popular phraseology, they are only 'signs' of things: i. e. not 'symbols' (though they may have been in some cases symbolic in origin), for in a symbol there is a _natural_ correspondence or sensible analogy to the thing symbolised, but something 'instituted,' due to an 'understanding' or convention. [Footnote 1: See vol. ii. p. 190, (Logic, § 102).] [Footnote 2: See Max Müller in Mind, vol. i. 345.] [Footnote 3: Pure number is ἀριθμὸς μοναδικός: applied number is ἀριθμὸς φυσικὸς or σωματικός. Aristotle, _Metaph_. N. 5, speaks of αριθμὸς πύρινος ἤ γήϊνος. But this is only Greek idiom: as we say 'Greek history' instead of 'History of Greece:' or vice versa, when we translate _Populus Romanus_ by 'people of Rome.' Aristotle is speaking of 'proportions' or 'amounts' of fire or earth in the compounds of these elements.] [Footnote 4: See L. Geiger, _Ursprung und Entwickelung der menschlichen Sprache und Vernunft_ (vol. i. p. 380). And Gabelenz 'Die melanesischen Sprachen' in the _Abhandlungen der Sächsischen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften_ (VIII), 1861, pp. 89-91.] [Footnote 5: _Mémoire sur le Systeme grammatical_, &c. p. 155.] [Footnote 6: Cf. _nous_ and _nous autres_. The same distinction is found in some American languages. There is a dual in the language of the Greenlanders; but it is not, however, used when a natural duality seems to call for it, but in cases when, though there might have been several things, only two are actually found.] [Footnote 7: W. von Humboldt, _Verschiedenheit des menschlichen Sprachbaues_, p. 423 (ed. 1841); Misteli, _Typen des Sprachbaues_ (1893).] [Footnote 8: Capt. Grey, _Vocabulary of the dialects of S. W. Australia_, pp. xxi and 104 (1840).] [Footnote 9: The sharp distinction between the first and second personal pronouns and the third: the want of any apparent connexion in the Indo-Germanic languages between the first and second persons singular and the plural form seems to point in the same direction.] [Footnote 10: Cf. vol. ii. _Notes and Illustrations_, p. 400.] [Footnote 11: _Die Sprachwissenschaft_, p. 168.] [Footnote 12: 'Vorstellung,' as distinguished from 'Begriff.'] [Footnote 13: Thus in Malay, there are about twenty words for strike, according as it is done with thick or thin wood, downwards, horizontally, or upwards, with the hand, with the fist, with the flat hand, with a club, with the sharp edge, with a hammer, &c. (See Misteli, _Typen des Sprachbaues_, p. 265.)] CHAPTER XXIII. FIGURATE OR REPRESENTATIVE THOUGHT.