[4] Of these, Chapter III. is subdivided into two Parts, because of the disproportionate length of the division in the original to which it corresponds. [5] Preface to "Sordello." [6] "Endless duration makes good no better, nor white any whiter," is one of Aristotle's comments on Plato's "eternal" ideas, and is just, unless "eternal" conveys a difference of kind. [7] Whewell, I think, misinterprets Plato's language about astronomy in this sense. Plato is not decrying observation, but demanding a theoretical treatment of the laws of motion,--a remarkable anticipation of modern ideas. [8] "A Year with the Birds," by an Oxford Tutor. [9] See note above, p. xii. [10] The fusion of these meanings in the German "Geist" gives a force to his pleading which English cannot render. He appeals, _e.g._, triumphantly to "God is a Spirit," _i.e._ not "a ghost" but "mind." [11] See Tennyson's "Higher Pantheism," especially the fine lines-- "Speak to Him thou, for He hears, and Spirit with Spirit can meet, Closer is He than breathing, and nearer than hands and feet." [12] In Baumgarten's "Æsthetica," 1750. See Lotze's "Æsthetik in Deutschland," p. 4, and Scherer's "Hist. of German Literature," Engl. Transl., ii. 25. [13] _Aus dem Geiste_--allusion to "born of water and of the Spirit." [14] Not in the sense of fancying what you please, but in the technical sense of having separate existence; detached, so to speak, from the general background of things, not a mere concurrence of other elements. [15] Has no power of distinguishing itself from other things. [16] "_Das Schöne--in dem Scheine._" [17] "_Gesetzmässigkeit._" [18] "_Raisonnement_"--a disparaging term in Hegel. [19] "Particular"--different unconnected matters, considered as merely thrown together in an aggregate, or occurring in a series; opposed to parts or cases united by an essential principle. [20] "_Das Göttliche._" [21] "_Schiene und erschiene._" [22] The life in which we treat common circumstances and sensations as, in their degree, realities. [23] "_Das An--und Fürsichseyende._" [24] "_Explication._" [25] "_Material_," _e.g._ colour, sound, heavy matter, etc. [26] "_Element_:" perhaps more especially any mental function entering into art--sense, imagination, understanding, etc. [27] "Philosophy," "_Wissenschaft_." [28] "_Haltpunkte_:" ultimate points that the matter of art must not leave hold of, leading ideas that must somehow dominate it. [29] "_Gestaltung_:" shaping, as if arrangement of shapes. [30] "_Kunstkenntniss._" [31] "_Gelehrsamkeit._" [32] "_Paränetischen Lehren._" [33] "_Bildenden Künste._" I am not sure if I have given the best rendering. It is wider than _Plastik_, because it includes painting and architecture. [34] _Die Horen_--the monthly magazine whose establishment by Schiller, in 1795, first brought Schiller and Goethe into contact. It only existed for three years. See Scherer, Eng. Trans., ii. 173.