The Philosophy of Fine Art, volume 4 (of 4): Hegel's Aesthetik — Georg Hegel — John Shaqi
The Philosophy of Fine Art, volume 4 (of 4): Hegel's Aesthetik
Georg Hegel · en
We must point out, however, that here too we are limited by essential
conditions. For just as in our previous discussion it was the
world-history, so too now, from the converse point of view, it is
possible that the biographical treatment in a poetic composition of
a definite life-history may appear to supply the most complete and
adequate subject-matter of the Epos. This, however, is not the case. No
doubt in biography the individual is one and the same throughout; but
the events, through which the life-development proceeds, may entirely
fall apart, and only retain the subject of the same in a wholly formal
and accidental bond of relation. If, on the other hand, the Epos is
essentially homogeneous, the event also, in the form of which the
content of the poem is disclosed, must itself possess intrinsic unity.
Both aspects, in short, the unity of the individual and that of the
objective event, as it is evolved, must coalesce and be united. In the
life and exploits of the Cid it is unquestionably true that on the
field of the Fatherland it is only one great personality which without
intermission remains true to himself, and in his development, chivalry
and end constitutes the interest. His deeds pass before him, much as if
he were the sculptured god; and finally all is gone and vanished for
us, no less than for himself.[15] But the poems of the Cid are also as
rhymed chronicles no genuine example of the Epos; and, in their later
form of romances, they are, as their specific type necessitates, merely
isolated situations split off from this national hero's life, which do
not necessarily coalesce in the unity of a particular event.
The finest examples, however, of the observance of the above rule
are to be met with in the Iliad and Odyssey, where Achilles and
Odysseus are respectively the prominent figures. The Ramajana, too,
resembles these poems in this respect. Dante's "Divine Comedy" is an
illustration, but in quite a unique way. In other words, it is the Epic
poet himself with whose single personality, in his wanderings through
hell, purgatory, and paradise, all and everything is so associated that
he is able to recount the picture of his imagination as a personal
experience, and is consequently entitled to interweave with the general
substance of his composition his private emotions and reflections to a
larger extent than is possible for other epic poets.