[Footnote 8: That is to say, that the whole remains intact in its opposition. The question of international ethics is not directly considered, though reference is here made to historical evolution in its widest sense.] [Footnote 9: Wrong that is inflicted on a state which is, as a whole, innocent.] [Footnote 10: I presume the reference is mainly to the United States. Hegel's sentence is _so möchten diese nur den Sieg dereinstiger Americanischer lebendiger Vernünftigkeit über die Einkerkerung in ein ins Unendliche fortgehendes Messen und Particularisiren darzustellen haben._ It may be doubted, perhaps, whether he would have expressed himself with equal confidence in our own day. At least the position of the German States of his own time no doubt was strongly present in his mind.] [Footnote 11: _Von einem anderen beschränkt._ Curtailed, I imagine, as a spontaneous and free power.] [Footnote 12: That is acting in subservience to eternal forces, not directing those forces. Hegel conceives the event as supplying the lines of direction through which the forces are effective.] [Footnote 13: _Aus der Dumpfheit des Bewusstseyns._ Out of the confusions of consciousness.] [Footnote 14: I have adopted the masculine gender in accordance with the text, though of course it does not imply personality in the ordinary sense.] [Footnote 15: I suppose the meaning is that it is a purely objective panorama.] [Footnote 16: _Seiner Sache,_ Somewhat vague and difficult to translate. It means more than his affair or business.] [Footnote 17: _Trauer._ Mournfulness or gloom is perhaps better.] [Footnote 18: Liv., II, c. 32.] [Footnote 19: Lit., so far as they do not emphasize essential phases in (_Momente_).] [Footnote 20: I presume the allusion is to the way, already illustrated, the Homeric gods do not take themselves seriously.] [Footnote 21: Messias, Canto II, vv, 627-850.] [Footnote 22: It is possible Hegel means by _geistige_ intelligible.] [Footnote 23: Act II, sc. 6.] [Footnote 24: "O, that I had never shipped hither over the sea, unhappy that I am! Vain was the fancy which befooled me to seek an empty fame in France; and now a fatal destiny carries me to this bloody field of death. O that I were far from here housed at home on the banks of the blue Severn, where the mother remained behind and the gentle sweet bride mourning for me."] [Footnote 25: "To Death thou art decreed! A British matron it was that conceived thee!"] [Footnote 26: "With vow to slay at everything alive with the sword that the fateful god of battles confronts her with."] [Footnote 27: _Sitte und Settlichkeit._] [Footnote 28: That is of the Epos.] [Footnote 29: The course of painting is similar to that of sculpture in virtue of the fact that it is wholly of one type, viz., romantic, but it differs from it in being less objective and requiring more historical illustration.]