The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 01 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
more remote cause, and so ascend continually by right ratiocination from
cause to cause; yet he will not be able to proceed eternally, but
wearied will at last give over, without knowing whether it were possible
for him to proceed to an end or not. But whether we suppose the world to
be finite or infinite, no absurdity will follow. For the same things
which now appear, might appear, whether the Creator had pleased it
should be finite or infinite. Besides, though from this, that nothing
can move itself, it may rightly be inferred that there was some first
eternal movent; yet it can never be inferred, though some used to make
such inference, that that movent was eternally immoveable, but rather
eternally moved. For as it is true, that nothing is moved by itself; so
it is true also that nothing is moved but by that which is already
moved. The questions therefore about the magnitude and beginning of the
world, are not to be determined by philosophers, but by those that are
lawfully authorized to order the worship of God. For as Almighty God,
when he had brought his people into Judæa, allowed the priests the first
fruits reserved to himself; so when he had delivered up the world to the
disputations of men, it was his pleasure that all opinions concerning
the nature of infinite and eternal, known only to himself, should, as
the first fruits of wisdom, be judged by those whose ministry he meant
to use in the ordering of religion. I cannot therefore commend those
that boast they have demonstrated, by reasons drawn from natural things,
that the world had a beginning. They are contemned by idiots, because
they understand them not; and by the learned, because they understand
them; by both deservedly. For who can commend him that demonstrates
thus? "If the world be eternal, then an infinite number of days, or
other measures of time, preceded the birth of Abraham. But the birth of
Abraham preceded the birth of Isaac; and therefore one infinite is
greater than another infinite, or one eternal than another eternal;
which," he says, "is absurd." This demonstration is like his, who from
this, that the number of even numbers is infinite, would conclude that
there are as many even numbers as there are numbers simply, that is to
say, the even numbers are as many as all the even and odd together.
They, which in this manner take away eternity from the world, do they
not by the same means take away eternity from the Creator of the world?
From this absurdity therefore they run into another, being forced to
call eternity _nunc stans_, a standing still of the present time, or an
abiding now; and, which is much more absurd, to give to the infinite
number of numbers the name of unity. But why should eternity be called
an abiding now, rather than an abiding then? Wherefore there must either
be many eternities, or _now_ and _then_ must signify the same. With such
demonstrators as these, that speak in another language, it is impossible
to enter into disputation.