The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 01 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
9. Two bodies are said to be _contiguous_ to one another, and
_continual_, in the same manner as spaces are; namely, _those are
contiguous, between which there is no space_. Now, by space I
understand, here as formerly, an idea or phantasm of a body. Wherefore,
though between two bodies there be put no other body, and consequently
no magnitude, or, as they call it, real space, yet if another body may
be put between them, that is, if there intercede any imagined space
which may receive another body, then those bodies are not contiguous.
And this is so easy to be understood, that I should wonder at some men,
who being otherwise skilful enough in philosophy, are of a different
opinion, but that I find that most of those that affect metaphysical
subtleties wander from truth, as if they were led out of their way by an
_ignis fatuus_. For can any man that has his natural senses, think that
two bodies must therefore necessarily touch one another, because no
other body is between them? Or that there can be no _vacuum_, because
_vacuum_ is nothing, or as they call it, _non ens_? Which is as
childish, as if one should reason thus; no man can fast, because to fast
is to eat nothing; but nothing cannot be eaten. _Continual, are any two
bodies that have a common part; and more than two are continual, when
every two, that are next to one another, are continual._
[Sidenote: The definition of motion. No motion intelligible but with
time.]
10. MOTION _is a continual relinquishing of one place, and acquiring of
another_; and that place which is relinquished is commonly called the
_terminus a quo_, as that which is acquired is called the _terminus ad
quem_; I say a continual relinquishing, because no body, how little
soever, can totally and at once go out of its former place into another,
so, but that some part of it will be in a part of a place which is
common to both, namely, to the relinquished and the acquired places.
[Sidenote: A G B I E +-----+------+ : : : : +-----+------+ C H D K F]
For example, let any body be in the place A C B D; the same body cannot
come into the place B D E F, but it must first be in G H I K, whose part
G H B D is common to both the places A C B D, and G H I K, and whose
part B D I K, is common to both the places G H I K, and B D E F. Now it
cannot be conceived that any thing can be moved without time; for time
is, by the definition of it, a phantasm, that is, a conception of
motion; and, therefore, to conceive that any thing may be moved without
time, were to conceive motion without motion, which is impossible.
[Sidenote: What it is to be at rest, to have been moved, and to be
moved. No motion to be conceived without the conception of
past and future.]