The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 03 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
Seeing therefore miracles now cease, we have no sign left, whereby to
acknowledge the pretended revelations or inspirations of any private
man; nor obligation to give ear to any doctrine, farther than it is
conformable to the Holy Scriptures, which since the time of our Saviour,
supply the place, and sufficiently recompense the want of all other
prophecy; and from which, by wise and learned interpretation, and
careful ratiocination, all rules and precepts necessary to the knowledge
of our duty both to God and man, without enthusiasm or supernatural
inspiration, may easily be deduced. And this Scripture is it, out of
which I am to take the principles of my discourse, concerning the rights
of those that are the supreme governors on earth of Christian
commonwealths; and of the duty of Christian subjects towards their
sovereigns. And to that end, I shall speak in the next chapter, of the
books, writers, scope and authority of the Bible.
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CHAPTER XXXIII.
OF THE NUMBER, ANTIQUITY, SCOPE, AUTHORITY
AND INTERPRETERS OF THE BOOKS OF
HOLY SCRIPTURE.
[Sidenote: Of the books of Holy Scripture.]
By the Books of Holy SCRIPTURE, are understood those, which ought to be
the _canon_, that is to say, the rules of Christian life.
And because all rules of life, which men are in conscience bound to
observe, are laws; the question of the Scripture, is the question of
what is law throughout all Christendom, both natural and civil. For
though it be not determined in Scripture, what laws every Christian king
shall constitute in his own dominions; yet it is determined what laws he
shall not constitute. Seeing therefore I have already proved, that
sovereigns in their own dominions are the sole legislators; those books
only are canonical, that is, law, in every nation, which are established
for such by the sovereign authority. It is true, that God is the
sovereign of all sovereigns; and therefore, when he speaks to any
subject, he ought to be obeyed, whatsoever any earthly potentate command
to the contrary. But the question is not of obedience to God, but of
_when_ and _what_ God hath said; which to subjects that have no
supernatural revelation, cannot be known, but by that natural reason,
which guideth them, for the obtaining of peace and justice, to obey the
authority of their several commonwealths, that is to say, of their
lawful sovereigns. According to this obligation, I can acknowledge no
other books of the Old Testament, to be Holy Scripture, but those which
have been commanded to be acknowledged for such, by the authority of the
Church of England. What books these are, is sufficiently known, without
a catalogue of them here; and they are the same that are acknowledged by
St. Jerome, who holdeth the rest, namely, the _Wisdom of Solomon_,
_Ecclesiasticus_, _Judith_, _Tobias_, the first and the second of