The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 03 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
For such is the ignorance and aptitude to error generally of all men,
but especially of them that have not much knowledge of natural causes,
and of the nature and interests of men; as by innumerable and easy
tricks to be abused. What opinion of miraculous power, before it was
known there was a science of the course of the stars, might a man have
gained, that should have told the people, this hour or day the sun
should be darkened? A juggler by the handling of his goblets and other
trinkets, if it were not now ordinarily practised, would be thought to
do his wonders by the power at least of the devil. A man that hath
practised to speak by drawing in of his breath, (which kind of men in
ancient time were called _ventriloqui_), and so make the weakness of his
voice seem to proceed, not from the weak impulsion of the organs of
speech, but from distance of place, is able to make very many men
believe it is a voice from Heaven, whatsoever he please to tell them.
And for a crafty man, that hath enquired into the secrets, and familiar
confessions that one man ordinarily maketh to another of his actions and
adventures past, to tell them him again is no hard matter; and yet there
be many, that by such means as that obtain the reputation of being
conjurers. But it is too long a business, to reckon up the several sorts
of those men, which the Greeks called θαυματουργοι, that is to say,
workers of things wonderful: and yet these do all they do, by their own
single dexterity. But if we look upon the impostures wrought by
confederacy, there is nothing how impossible soever to be done, that is
impossible to be believed. For two men conspiring, one to seem lame, the
other to cure him with a charm, will deceive many: but many conspiring,
one to seem lame, another so to cure him, and all the rest to bear
witness, will deceive many more.
[Sidenote: Cautions against the imposture of miracles.]