The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 03 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
A sixth law of nature, is this, _that upon caution of the future time, a
man ought to pardon the offences past of them that repenting, desire
it_. For PARDON, is nothing but granting of peace; which though granted
to them that persevere in their hostility, be not peace, but fear; yet
not granted to them that give caution of the future time, is sign of an
aversion to peace; and therefore contrary to the law of nature.
[Sidenote: The seventh, that in revenges, men respect only the future
good.]
A seventh is, _that in revenges_, that is, retribution of evil for evil,
_men look not at the greatness of the evil past, but the greatness of
the good to follow_. Whereby we are forbidden to inflict punishment with
any other design, than for correction of the offender, or direction of
others. For this law is consequent to the next before it, that
commandeth pardon, upon security of the future time. Besides, revenge
without respect to the example, and profit to come, is a triumph, or
glorying in the hurt of another, tending to no end; for the end is
always somewhat to come; and glorying to no end, is vain-glory, and
contrary to reason, and to hurt without reason, tendeth to the
introduction of war; which is against the law of nature; and is commonly
styled by the name of _cruelty_.
[Sidenote: The eighth, against contumely.]
And because all signs of hatred, or contempt, provoke to fight; insomuch
as most men choose rather to hazard their life, than not to be revenged;
we may in the eighth place, for a law of nature, set down this precept,
_that no man by deed, word, countenance, or gesture, declare hatred, or
contempt of another_. The breach of which law, is commonly called
_contumely_.
[Sidenote: The ninth, against pride.]