The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 06 (of 11) — Thomas Hobbes — John Shaqi
The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 06 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
From the Universities it was, that the philosophy of Aristotle was made
an ingredient in religion, as serving for a salve to a great many absurd
articles, concerning the nature of Christ’s body, and the estate of
angels and saints in heaven; which articles they thought fit to have
believed, because they bring, some of them profit, and others reverence
to the clergy, even to the meanest of them. For when they shall have
made the people believe that the meanest of them can make the body of
Christ; who is there that will not both show them reverence, and be
liberal to them or to the Church, especially in the time of their
sickness, when they think they make and bring unto them their Saviour?
_B._ But, what advantage to them, in these impostures, was the doctrine
of Aristotle?
_A._ They have made more use of his obscurity than of his doctrine. For
none of the ancient philosophers' writings are comparable to those of
Aristotle, for their aptness to puzzle and entangle men with words, and
to breed disputation, which must at last be ended in the determination
of the Church of Rome. And yet in the doctrine of Aristotle, they made
use of many points; as, first, the doctrine of separated essences.
_B._ What are separated essences?
_A._ Separated beings.
_B._ Separated from what?
_A._ From every thing that is.
_B._ I cannot understand the being of any thing, which I understand not
to be. But what can they make of that?
_A._ Very much, in questions concerning the nature of God, and
concerning the estate of man’s soul after death, in heaven, hell, and
purgatory; by which you and every man know, how great obedience, and how
much money they gain from the common people. Whereas Aristotle holdeth
the soul of man to be the first giver of motion to the body, and
consequently to itself; they make use of that in the doctrine of free
will. What, and how they gain by that, I will not say. He holdeth forth,
that there be many things that come to pass in this world from no
necessity of causes, but mere contingency, casuality, and fortune.
_B._ Methinks, in this they make God stand idle, and to be a mere
spectator of the games of fortune; for what God is the cause of, must
needs come to pass, and, in my opinion, nothing else. But, because there
must be some ground for the justice of the eternal torment of the
damned; perhaps it is this, that men’s wills and propensions are not,
they think, in the hands of God, but of themselves; and in this also I
see somewhat conducing to the authority of the Church.