The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 06 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
_A._ The army was inconstant; he himself irresolute, and without any
military glory. And though the two principal officers had a near
relation to him; yet neither of them, but Lambert, was the great
favourite of the army; and by courting Fleetwood to take upon him the
Protectorship, and by tampering with the soldiers, he had gotten again
to be a colonel. He and the rest of the officers had a council at
Wallingford House, where Fleetwood dwelt, for the dispossessing of
Richard; though they had not yet considered how the nations should be
governed afterwards. For from the beginning of the rebellion, the method
of ambition was constantly this, first to destroy, and then to consider
what they should set up.
_B._ Could not the Protector, who kept his court at Whitehall, discover
what the business of the officers was at Wallingford House, so near him?
_A._ Yes, he was by divers of his friends informed of it; and counselled
by some of them, who would have done it, to kill the chief of them. But
he had not courage enough to give them such a commission. He took,
therefore, the counsel of some milder persons, which was to call a
Parliament. Whereupon writs were presently sent to those, that were in
the last Parliament, of the other House, and other writs to the sheriffs
for the election of knights and burgesses, to assemble on the 27th of
January following. Elections were made according to the ancient manner,
and a House of Commons now of the right English temper, and about four
hundred in number, including twenty for Scotland and as many for
Ireland. Being met, they take themselves, without the Protector and
other House, to be a Parliament, and to have the supreme power of the
three nations.
For the first business, they intended the power of that other House: but
because the Protector had recommended to them for their first business
an act, already drawn up, for the recognition of his Protectoral power,
they began with that; and voted after a fortnight’s deliberation, that
an act should be made whereof this act of recognition should be part;
and that another part should be for the bounding of the Protector’s
power, and for the securing the privileges of Parliament and liberties
of the subject; and that all should pass together.
_B._ Why did these men obey the Protector at first, in meeting upon his
only summons? Was not that as full a recognition of his power as was
needful? Why by this example did they teach the people that he was to be
obeyed, and then by putting laws upon him, teach them the contrary? Was
it not the Protector that made the Parliament? Why did they not
acknowledge their maker?
_A._ I believe it is the desire of most men to bear rule; but few of
them know what title one has to it more than another, besides the right
of the sword.