3. _Of the safeguard of the country._ Wherein he only is able to give counsel, that knows the forms, and number, and places of the garrisons. 4. _Of provision._ Wherein to speak well, it is necessary for a man to know what is sufficient to maintain the state, what commodities they have at home growing, what they must fetch in through need, and what they may carry out through abundance. 5. _Of making laws._ To which is necessary so much political or civil philosophy, as to know what are the several kinds of governments, and by what means, either from without or from within, each of those kinds is preserved or destroyed. And this knowledge is gotten, partly by observing the several governments in times past by history, and partly by observing the government of the times present in several nations, by travel. So that to him that will speak in a council of state, there is necessary this; history, sight of wars, travel, knowledge of the revenue, expenses, forces, havens, garrisons, wares, and provisions in the state he lives in, and what is needful for that state either to export or import. ========== CHAPTER V. OF THE ENDS WHICH THE ORATOR IN DELIBERATIVES PROPOUNDETH, WHEREBY TO EXHORT OR DEHORT. An orator, in _exhorting_, always propoundeth _felicity_, or some _part_ of _felicity_, to be attained by the actions he exhorteth unto: and in _dehortation_, the contrary. By _felicity_ is meant commonly prosperity with virtue, or a continual content of the life with surety. And the _parts_ of it are such things as we call good in _body_, _mind_, or fortune; such as these that follow. 1. _Nobility_, which to a state or nation is to have been ancient inhabitants; and to have had most anciently, and in most number, famous generals in the wars, or men famous for such things as fall under emulation. And to a private man, to have been descended lawfully of a family, which hath yielded most anciently, and in most number, men known to the world for virtue, riches, or any thing in general estimation. 2. _Many and good children._ Which is also _public_ and _private_. _Public_, when there is much youth in the state endued with virtue; namely, of the _body_, stature, beauty, strength, and dexterity; of the _mind_, valour and temperance: _private_, when a man hath many such children, both male and female. The virtues commonly respected in women, are of the _body_, beauty and stature; of the _mind_, temperance and housewifery without sordidness. 3. _Riches._ Which is money, cattle, lands, household-stuff, with the power to dispose of them. 4. _Glory._ Which is the reputation of virtue, or of the possession of such things as all, or most men, or wise men desire.