The English works of Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury, Volume 06 (of 11)
Thomas Hobbes · en
_P._ I find here, that at the making of this statute there was a
question amongst the lawyers, in case one man should kill another, that
attempted feloniously to rob or murder him in or near any common
highway, courtway, horseway, or footway, or in his mansion, messuage, or
dwelling place; whether for the death of such a man one shall forfeit
his goods and chattels, as a man should do for killing another by chance
medley or in his own defence. This is the preamble, and penned as well
as Sir Edward Coke could have wished. But this statute does not
determine that a man should forfeit his goods for killing a man _se
defendendo_, or for killing him by misfortune; but supposeth it only
upon the opinion of the lawyers that then were. The body of the statute
is, that if a man be indicted or appealed for the death of such person
so attempting as aforesaid, and the same by verdict be so found and
tried, he shall not forfeit anything, but shall be discharged as if he
had been found not guilty. You see the statute; now consider thereby, in
the case of killing _se defendendo_. First, if a man kill another in his
own defence, it is manifest that the man slain did either attempt to
rob, or to kill, or to wound him; for else it were not done in his own
defence. If then it were done in the street, or near the street, as in a
tavern, he forfeits nothing, because the street is a highway. So
likewise it is to be said of all other common-ways. In what place
therefore can a man kill another in his own defence, but that this
statute will discharge him of the forfeiture?
_L._ But the statute says the attempt must be felonious.