Philosophumena; or, The refutation of all heresies, Volume I
David Hume · en
[Sidenote: p. 29.] But he says that nothing is generated, or
perishes or is moved, and that the universe which is one is beyond
change. But he says that God is eternal, and one and alike on every
side, and finite and spherical in form, and conscious[93] in all
His parts. And that the sun is born every day from the gathering
together of small particles of fire and that the earth is boundless
and surrounded neither by air nor by heaven. And that there are
boundless (innumerable) suns and moons and that all things are from
the earth. He said that the sea is salt because of the many compounds
which together flow into it. But Metrodorus said it was thanks to its
trickling through the earth that the sea becomes salt. And Xenophanes
opines that there was once a mixture of earth with the sea, and that
in time it was freed from moisture, asserting in proof of this that
shells are found in the centre of the land and on mountains, and that
in the stone-quarries of Syracuse were found the impress of a fish
and of seals, and in Paros the cast of an anchor below the surface of
the rock[94] and in Malta layers of all sea-things. And he says that
these came when all things were of old time buried in mud, and that the
impress of them dried in the mud; but [Sidenote: p. 30.] that all men
were destroyed when the earth being cast into the sea became mud, and
that it again began to bring forth and that this catastrophe happened
to all the ordered worlds.[95]
13. _About Ecphantus._
A certain Ecphantus, a Syracusan, said that a true knowledge of the
things that are could not be got. But he defines, as he thinks,
that the first bodies are indivisible and that there are three
differences[96] between them, to wit, size, shape and power. And the
number of them is limited and not boundless; but that these bodies are
moved neither by weight nor by impact, but by a divine power which he
calls [Sidenote: p. 31.] Nous and Psyche. Now the pattern of this is
the cosmos, wherefore it has become spherical in form by Divine power.
And that the earth in the midst of the cosmos is moved round its own
centre from west to east.[97]
14. _About Hippo._
But Hippo of Rhegium[98] said that the principles were cold, like
water, and heat, like fire. And that the fire came from the water, and,
overcoming the power of its parent, constructed the cosmos. But he said
that the soul was sometimes brain and sometimes water; for the seed
also seems to us to be from moisture and from it he says the soul is
born.
These things, then, we seem to have sufficiently set forth. Wherefore,
as we have now separately run through the opinions of the physicists,
it seems fitting that we return to Socrates and Plato, who most
especially preferred (the study of) ethics.
15. _About Socrates._