Philosophumena; or, The refutation of all heresies, Volume II
David Hume · en
Zeus is fire and life-bearing Here the earth which bears fruits for
the support of life. But Aïdoneus is the air, because while beholding
all things through it, it alone we do not see. And Nestis is water,
since it is the only vehicle of food, and therefore the becoming cause
of all growing things,[120] yet cannot nourish them by itself. For
if it could so give nourishment, he says, living things[121] could
never die of hunger, for there is always abundance of water in the
cosmos.[122] Whence he calls water Nestis, because it is a becoming
cause of nourishment, yet cannot itself nourish growing things. These
things then are, to sum them up in outline, those which comprise the
foundation[123] of the cosmos [_i. e._] water and Earth from which all
things come, [Sidenote: p. 372.] Fire and Spirit[124] the tools and
agents, and Strife and Love which fashion all things with skill. And
Love is a certain peace and even mindedness and natural affection,[125]
which determines that the cosmos shall be perfect and complete; but
Strife ever rends asunder that which is one and divides it and makes
many things out of one. Therefore the cause of the whole creation is
Strife, which [cause] he calls baneful, that is deadly.[126] For it
takes care that through every aeon, its creation persists. And Strife
the deadly is the Demiurge and maker of all things which have come into
being by birth; but Love, of their leading-forth from the cosmos and
transformation and return to unity.[127] Concerning which, Empedocles
[says] that there are two immortal and unbegotten things which have
never yet had a source of existence. He speaks, however, somehow like
this:--
For it was aforetime and will be; never, I ween,
Will the unquenchable aeon lack these two.[128]
[Sidenote: p. 373.] But what are these two? Strife and Love. For they
had no source of existence, but pre-existed and ever were, being
through their unbegotten nature incorruptible. But Fire [and Water] and
Earth and Air die and again come to life. For when the things which
have come into being through Strife die, Love takes them and leads them
and adds and attaches them to the All,[129] so that the All may remain
_One_, being ever marshalled by Love in one fashion and form. Yet when
Love creates the One from many things, and arranges the things which
have been scattered in the One, Strife again rends them away from the
One, and makes them [into] many, that is, Fire, Water, Earth [and] Air,
whence are produced animals and plants and whatever parts of the cosmos
we perceive. And concerning the form[130] of the cosmos as ordered by
Love, he speaks somehow like this:--
For not from the back do two arms[131] spring
[Sidenote: p. 374.] Nor feet nor active knees, nor hairy genitals.
But it was a sphere and everywhere alike.[132]