The loyal mountaineers of Tennessee — David Hume — John Shaqi
The loyal mountaineers of Tennessee
David Hume · en
Mrs. Brownlow was a native Tennesseean, and Mrs. Maynard, born in
Massachusetts, had resided in the town for some twenty years. In
the pending conflict their sympathies were naturally and properly
with their husbands, but they had stood entirely aloof from active
politics, and no charge of misdemeanor in word or deed was made
against them. Mrs. Maynard, a lady of superior culture and fine
sensibilities, was sickened in the enforced departure from her home
by its excitement and worry, and a hemorrhage of her lungs ensued:
but her spirit was bravely equal to the emergency, and when the
appointed hour came she was ready for the journey under military
escort.
As the war advanced, shops and mercantile houses in some instances
were closed, but as a rule, they kept open doors with diminished
stocks. A few new shops were established and traders found employment
not unprofitable. Prices gradually increased until they became
very high. Many articles in frequent or habitual use by the people
could not be had at any price, or if at all, only in the smallest
quantities. Coffee, which formerly could be bought at from 14 to 16
cents a pound, became scarce soon after hostilities began, and before
long sold at one dollar a pound. Salt, almost a necessary of life,
could only be obtained with difficulty, and its price of 2½ and 3
cents a pound, rose to 30 cents and more. Brown sugar advanced from
12½ cents to 75 cents a pound. Common calicoes, before sold at 12½
cents a yard, increased eight fold in price by retail. Men’s ordinary
apparel shared in the upward movement of values, especially shoes of
all kinds, which sold by and by, for from ten to twenty dollars a
pair, and boots, which went up to twenty dollars and more.
The great increase in prices of dry goods and groceries induced a
corresponding advance by producers in those of grain, meat, poultry,
vegetables and fruits. Provision for their own maintenance demanded
of the farming class that what they had to sell should be valued
higher.
At the beginning of the troubles gold and silver passed out of
general circulation. Next the notes of the various banks chartered
by the State gradually disappeared. Numbers of people hoarded these
notes as a provision for possible exigencies, and they were valued in
exchange at twenty-five per cent. more than Confederate notes. The
banks themselves were ready enough to pay out the latter notes to
customers, and by doing this withdrew much of their own paper from
circulation. Gold was sold for Confederate notes at a premium of one
hundred per cent. or more.