Two English queens and Philip

David Hume · en
English Catholics _versus_ Scottish—Santa Cruz’s proposal to
  conquer England—Enlisting the Pope—Intrigues in Rome—Mary
  Stuart and Philip—Drake’s raid on Galicia—Elizabeth assumes
  the protectorate of the Netherlands—War at last inevitable—The
  preliminaries of the Armada—The Babington plot—Philip’s
  consent—His distrust—Discovery—Elizabeth’s fears of war—Her
  approaches to Spain—Santa Cruz’s fresh proposals to invade
  England—His great plan—The Scottish Catholics try again to
  share the attack upon England—Failure of Huntly’s scheme—Guise
  not allowed by Philip to interfere—Mendoza in favour of the
  Scottish plan—Philip’s claims to the English crown—The peace
  negotiations—Drake’s dash upon Cadiz—Parma and the Armada—Death
  of Santa Cruz—Medina Sidonia—The Armada—The failure and its
  causes—The end of the struggle to win England




ILLUSTRATIONS


  PHILIP II. IN 1586                                         _Frontispiece_
    From a Contemporary Engraving by Essarts

                                                              TO FACE PAGE

  PHILIP II. AT THE AGE OF 24                                           38
    From the Painting by Titian in the Prado Museum.
      Photograph by R. Anderson

  WILLIAM LORD PAGET                                                    62
    From a Painting in the National Portrait Gallery

  QUEEN MARY AT THE PERIOD OF HER MARRIAGE                              80
    From the painting by Antonio Mor in the Prado Museum.
      Photograph by R. Anderson

  CARDINAL REGINALD POLE, PAPAL LEGATE AND ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY    102
    After a Painting by Sebastiano del Piombo. Photograph by W. A.
      Mansell & Co.

  QUEEN ELIZABETH                                                      192
    From a Painting by Zucchero in the National Portrait Gallery

  ROBERT DUDLEY, EARL OF LEICESTER                                     208
    From a Painting at the National Portrait Gallery

  WILLIAM CECIL, LORD BURGHLEY                                         228
    From the Painting by Marc Gheeraedts in the National
      Portrait Gallery

  FERNANDO ALVAREZ DE TOLEDO, THIRD DUKE OF ALBA                       308
    From an Engraving

  ROBERT PARSONS, S.J., 1546-1610                                      368

  HENRI, DUC DE GUISE                                                  400
    From an Engraving. Photograph by W. A. Mansell & Co.

  CARDINAL ALLEN                                                       432
    From a Photograph by W. A. Mansell & Co.

  QUEEN ELIZABETH                                                      464
    From the Painting by Marc Gheeraedts at the National
      Portrait Gallery




TWO ENGLISH QUEENS AND PHILIP




CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTORY

1552-1553

    The Emperor and England—Death of Edward VI.—Mary and
    Renard—To capture England by marriage—Philip II. accepts the
    sacrifice—Spanish efforts to moderate the religious reaction in
    England