“...that no differences among our sensations are determined by any
differences in the _non-ego_ (for to say that they are so
determined is to say that the form under which the _non-ego_ exists
produces an effect upon the _ego_); and as it similarly follows
that the order of coexistence and sequence among these sensations
is not determined by any order in the _non-ego_; we are compelled
to conclude that all these differences and changes in the _ego_ are
self-determined.”
Kant’s argument in the _Dissertation_ is exactly of this nature.
“Objects do not strike the senses by their form. In order,
therefore, that the various impressions from the object acting on
the sense may coalesce into some whole of representation, there is
required an inner principle of the mind through which in accordance
with stable and innate laws that manifold may take on some
form.”[387]
In the paragraph before us Kant may, at first sight, seem to offer an
argument. He is really only restating his premiss. “That wherein alone
sensations can be arranged (_sich ordnen_[388]) and placed in a certain
form cannot itself again be sensation.” Now, of course, if the term
sensation is to be limited to the sense qualities, _i.e._ to content or
matter, conceived as existing apart from all formal relations, the
formal elements cannot possibly be sensational. The legitimacy of that
limitation is, however, the question at issue. It cannot be thus decided
by an arbitrary verbal distinction.
“Were the contention that the relations of sensations are not
themselves sensed correct, the inference to the pure apriority of
the form of our perception would be inevitable. For sensation is
the sole form of interaction between consciousness and reality....
But that contention is false. The relations of sensations, their
determined coexistence and sequence, impress consciousness, just as
do the sensations. We feel this impression in the compulsion which
the determinateness of the empirical manifolds lays upon the
perceiving consciousness. The mere affection of consciousness by
these relations does not, indeed, by itself suffice for their
apprehension; but neither does it suffice for the apprehension of
the sensation itself. Thus there is in these respects no difference
between the matter and the form of appearance.”[389]
In this way, then, by means of his definition of sensation, Kant
surreptitiously introduces his fundamental assumption. That assumption
reappears as the conclusion that since the form of appearance cannot be
sensation, it does not arise through the action of the object, and
consequently must be _a priori_. Though the paragraph seems to offer an
argument in support of the apriority of space and time, it is found on
examination merely to unfold a position adopted without the slightest
attempt at proof.[390]