[16] All general conceptions—as such—depend, for their existence, on
the analytical unity of consciousness. For example, when I think of
red in general, I thereby think to myself a property which (as a
characteristic mark) can be discovered somewhere, or can be united
with other representations; consequently, it is only by means of a
forethought possible synthetical unity that I can think to myself the
analytical. A representation which is cogitated as common to different
representations, is regarded as belonging to such as, besides this
common representation, contain something different; consequently it
must be previously thought in synthetical unity with other although
only possible representations, before I can think in it the analytical
unity of consciousness which makes it a conceptas communis. And thus
the synthetical unity of apperception is the highest point with which
we must connect every operation of the understanding, even the whole
of logic, and after it our transcendental philosophy; indeed, this
faculty is the understanding itself.
This fundamental principle of the necessary unity of apperception is
indeed an identical, and therefore analytical, proposition; but it
nevertheless explains the necessity for a synthesis of the manifold
given in an intuition, without which the identity of self-consciousness
would be incogitable. For the ego, as a simple representation, presents
us with no manifold content; only in intuition, which is quite
different from the representation ego, can it be given us, and by means
of conjunction it is cogitated in one self-consciousness. An
understanding, in which all the manifold should be given by means of
consciousness itself, would be intuitive; our understanding can only
think and must look for its intuition to sense. I am, therefore,
conscious of my identical self, in relation to all the variety of
representations given to me in an intuition, because I call all of them
my representations. In other words, I am conscious myself of a
necessary à priori synthesis of my representations, which is called the
original synthetical unity of apperception, under which rank all the
representations presented to me, but that only by means of a synthesis.
The Principle of the Synthetical Unity of Apperception is the highest
Principle of all exercise of the Understanding § 13