consequently cognize itself in respect to an intuition (which cannot
possibly be intellectual, nor given by the understanding), only as it
appears to itself, and not as it would cognize itself, if its intuition
were intellectual.
[22] The “I think” expresses the act of determining my own existence.
My existence is thus already given by the act of consciousness; but
the mode in which I must determine my existence, that is, the mode in
which I must place the manifold belonging to my existence, is not
thereby given. For this purpose intuition of self is required, and
this intuition possesses a form given à priori, namely, time, which is
sensuous, and belongs to our receptivity of the determinable. Now, as
I do not possess another intuition of self which gives the determining
in me (of the spontaneity of which I am conscious), prior to the act
of determination, in the same manner as time gives the determinable,
it is clear that I am unable to determine my own existence as that of
a spontaneous being, but I am only able to represent to myself the
spontaneity of my thought, that is, of my determination, and my
existence remains ever determinable in a purely sensuous manner, that
is to say, like the existence of a phenomenon. But it is because of
this spontaneity that I call myself an intelligence.
Transcendental Deduction of the universally possible employment in
experience of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding § 22
In the metaphysical deduction, the à priori origin of categories was
proved by their complete accordance with the general logical of
thought; in the transcendental deduction was exhibited the possibility
of the categories as à priori cognitions of objects of an intuition in
general (§ 16 and 17).At present we are about to explain the
possibility of cognizing, à priori, by means of the categories, all
objects which can possibly be presented to our senses, not, indeed,
according to the form of their intuition, but according to the laws of
their conjunction or synthesis, and thus, as it were, of prescribing
laws to nature and even of rendering nature possible. For if the
categories were inadequate to this task, it would not be evident to us
why everything that is presented to our senses must be subject to those
laws which have an à priori origin in the understanding itself.
I premise that by the term synthesis of apprehension I understand the
combination of the manifold in an empirical intuition, whereby
perception, that is, empirical consciousness of the intuition (as
phenomenon), is possible.