But the prince of public benefactors in the Antonine age was the great
sophist Herodes Atticus, the tutor of M. Aurelius, who died in the same
year as his pupil, 180 A.D. He acted up to his theory of the uses of
wealth on a scale of unexampled munificence.(1289) His family was of high
rank, and claimed descent from the Aeacidae of Aegina. They had also
apparently inexhaustible resources. His father spent a sum of nearly
£40,000 in supplementing an imperial grant for the supply of water to the
Troad. The munificence of the son was extended to cities in Italy, as well
as to Corinth, Thessaly, Euboea, Boeotia, Elis, and pre-eminently to
Athens. He gave an aqueduct to Canusium and Olympia, a racecourse to
Delphi, a roofed theatre to Corinth.(1290) He provided sulphur baths at
Thermopylae for the visitors from Thessaly and the shores of the Maliac
gulf. He aided in the restoration of Oricum in Epirus, and liberally
recruited the resources of many another decaying town in Greece. He was
certainly benevolent, but he had also a passion for splendid fame, and
cherished an ambition to realise the dream of Nero, by cutting a canal
across the Corinthian Isthmus.(1291) But Attica, where he was born, and
where he had a princely house on the Ilissus, was the supreme object of
his bounty. In his will he left each Athenian citizen an annual gift of a
mina. He would offer to the Virgin Goddess a sacrifice of a hundred oxen
on a single day; and, when the great festivals came round, he used to
feast the people by their tribes, as well as the resident strangers, on
couches in the Ceramicus. He restored the ancient shrines and stadia with
costly marbles. And, in memory of Rhegilla, his wife, he built at the foot
of the acropolis a theatre for 6000 spectators, roofed in with cedar wood,
which, to the eye of Pausanias, surpassed all similar structures in its
splendour.(1292)