The History of Roman Literature: From the Earliest Period to the Death of Marcus Aurelius
Marcus Aurelius · en
Menippean satires is brilliantly treated in Mommsen's _History of Rome_,
and Riese's edition of the satires, to both which, if he desire further
information, we refer the reader. [11]
The genius of Varro, however, more and more inclined him to prose. The
next series of works that issued from his pen were probably those known as
_Logistorici_ (about 56-50 B.C.). The model for these was furnished by
Heraclides Ponticus, a friend and pupil of Plato, and after his death, of
Aristotle. He was a voluminous and encyclopaedic writer, but too indolent
to apply the vigorous method of his master. Hence his works, being
discursive and easily understood, were well fitted for the comprehension
of the Romans. Varro's histories were short, mostly taken from his own or
his friends' experience, and centred round some principle of ethics or
economics. _Catus de liberis educandis_, _Marius de Fortuna_, &c. are
titles which remind us of Cicero's _Laelius de Amicitia_ and _Cato Major
de Senectute_, of which it is extremely probable they were the suggesting
causes.
Varro in his _saturae_ is very severe upon philosophers. He had almost as
great a contempt for them as his archetype Cato. And yet Varro was deeply
read in the philosophy of Greece. He did not yield to Cicero in admiration
of her illustrious thinkers. It is probable that with his keen
appreciation of the Roman character he saw that it was unfitted for
speculative thought; that in most cases its cultivation would only bring
forth pedants or hypocrites. When asked by Cicero why he had not written a
great philosophical work, he replied that those who had a real interest in
the study would go direct to the fountain head, those who had not would be
none the better for reading a Latin compendium. Hence he preferred to turn
his labours into a more productive channel, and to instruct the people in
their own antiquities, which had never been adequately studied, and, now
that Stilo was dead, seemed likely to pass into oblivion. [12] His
researches occupied three main fields, that of law and religion, that of
civil history and biography, and that of philology.