The Sixth Hill sends three spurs towards the Golden Horn, which may be distinguished as the eastern, middle, and western. Footnote 452: This is the view of Dr. Paspates, pp. 2, 3, 92. Footnote 453: Procopius (_De Æd._, i. c. 3), speaking of the Church of Blachernæ, describes it as situated πρὸ τοῦ περιβόλου, ἐν χώρῳ καλουμένῳ Βλαχέρναις. Cf. _Paschal Chron._, p. 726. Footnote 454: This is the view of Dr. Mordtmann, p. 11. Footnote 455: Previous to the erection of Manuel’s Wall, the Moat may have continued further north, protecting the wall along the western side of the spur. Footnote 456: Cf. Paspates, pp. 92-99, regarding the remains of the walls around the spur, the area they enclose, and their character. According to him, the wall on the eastern side of the spur measures m. 157.81 in length, and is in some parts m. 13-14 high; the wall along the northern side of the spur is m. 180.90 long, and m. 13-14 high; the wall on the western side of the spur is m. 35 long, and as high as the adjoining walls of the city. Footnote 457: _Paschal Chron._, 724, τὸ τεῖχος Βλαχερνῶν. This was before the erection of the Wall of Heraclius. Footnote 458: _Ibid._, p. 726, ἔξωθεν τοῦ καλουμένου Πτεροῦ. Footnote 459: Nicephorus, Patriarcha CP., p. 20, τὸ Βλαχερνῶν προτείχισμα τὸ καλούμενον Πτερόν. Footnote 460: _Paschal Chron._, _ut supra_; cf. Procopius, _De Æd._, i. c. 3, c. 6. Footnote 461: _Notitia, ad Reg._ XIV. Footnote 462: See above, p. 111. See also illustration facing p. 118. Footnote 463: With alterations made in the course of time by repairs. Footnote 464: _Notitia, ad Reg. XIV._ “Regio sane licet in urbis quartadecima numeretur, tamen quia spatio interjecto divisa est, muro proprio vallata alterius quomodo speciem civitatis ostendit.” Dionysius Byzantius derives the name Blachernæ from a barbarian chieftain who was settled there. If so, it is extremely probable that the Sixth Hill was fortified, to some extent, even before the foundation of Constantinople. See Gyllius, _De Top. C.P._, iv. c. 5. Footnote 465: On this view, a wall must, also, be supposed to have proceeded from Londja to the Golden Horn, completing the circuit of the fortifications around the city. Footnote 466: _Notitia, ad Reg. XIV._ CHAPTER IX. THE WALL OF THE EMPEROR MANUEL COMNENUS. According to Nicetas Choniates,[466] a portion of the city fortifications was erected by the Emperor Manuel Comnenus. [Illustration: Tower of the Wall of the Emperor Manuel Comnenus.]