The style of the art of the two buckets is the same, and corresponds in
some respects with that of the Gaulish coins,[300] and in others with
that of the sword-sheaths from La Tène[301] and the bronze _situlæ_
from Hallstatt, Watsch, and Certosa.[302] Dr. Arthur Evans has dealt
so exhaustively with the details of these buckets and the origins
of the art they exhibit in his paper on the Aylesford find in the
_Archæologia_,[303] that there is really little more to be said on the
subject. It may, however, be worth while directing attention to the
scrolls hanging down from the mouths of one of the pairs of beasts on
the Marlborough bucket. Anyone unacquainted with the origin of these
scrolls would probably mistake them for the animal’s tongue protruding
from its mouth, but on comparing the designs on the Marlborough bucket
with those on the _situlæ_ just referred to, the scrolls will be seen
to be simply degraded copies of the branch of a tree on which the
animal is feeding. The art metalworkers who made the _situlæ_ were, in
fact, in the habit of using a simple convention for emphasising the
difference between the herbivorous and carnivorous animals by showing,
in one case, the branch of a tree, and in the other the leg of its prey
protruding from its mouth. The Celtic copyists were either ignorant
of this convention or disregarded it, so that in their hands both the
branches and legs were soon converted into meaningless scrolls bearing
hardly any resemblance to the original. Throughout the whole range of
Celtic art there is displayed a tendency when dealing with plants and
animals to transform first the details and afterwards the whole thing
represented into curvilinear geometrical ornament.
[300] _Dictionnaire Archéologique de la Gaule._
[301] E. Vouga, _Les Helvètes à La Tène_.
[302] Illustrated in the second edition of Dr. R. Munro’s
_Boznia-Herzegovina_, p. 407.
[303] Vol. lii., p. 360.
Besides the buckets just described, there are a few other examples of
zoömorphic designs in Late-Celtic art, amongst which are the small
bronze figures of animals found at Hounslow,[304] Middlesex, now
in the British Museum; the bronze armlet, terminating in serpents’
heads, from the Culbin Sands,[305] Elginshire; the knife-handle,
terminating in a bull’s head, from Birdlip,[306] Gloucestershire;
the iron fire-dogs,[307] with uprights terminating in horned beasts’
heads, from Mount Bures, Essex, Hay Hill, Cambridgeshire, and
Shefford, Bedfordshire; the horned bronze helmet from Torrs,[308]
Kirkcudbrightshire, now at Abbotsford; the swine’s head from
Liechestown,[309] Banffshire, now in the Banff Museum; and the bull’s
head from Ham Hill,[310] Somerset, in the Taunton Museum.
[304] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Lond._, ser. 2, vol. iii., p. 90.
[305] Dr. J. Anderson’s _Scotland in Pagan Times: Iron Age_, p. 156.
[306] _Trans. Bristol and Gloucestersh. Archæol. Soc._, vol. v., p. 137.
[307] _Archæologia Cambrensis_, ser. 6, vol. i., p. 41.