Dreams of an astronomer — John Stuart Mill — John Shaqi
Dreams of an astronomer
John Stuart Mill · en
“Whoever follows these thoughts will be afraid of himself and,
considering himself sustained by the weight which nature has given him,
between those two abysses of the infinite and nothing, he will tremble
in face of those marvels, and I believe that as his curiosity changes
to admiration, he will be more disposed to contemplate them in silence
than to seek them with presumption.
“For indeed what is man in nature? A nothing in comparison with the
infinite, a universe in comparison with nothing, a mean between nothing
and all. Infinitely removed as he is from comprehending the extremes,
the goal and principle of things are invincibly concealed from him
in an impenetrable secret; he is equally incapable of seeing that
nothingness whence he sprang or that infinite which swallows him up.”
More than one of our contemporary savants has republished this
conception of “the atom as a world system,” imagining that it is new
and without appearing to recollect either Bernoulli or Pascal.
* * * * *
As we have seen before, the invisible world is the basis of creation
and the visible universe is composed of invisible bodies. What we see
is made up of things which we do not see.
In the sky every star of the Milky Way being below the seventh
magnitude is quite invisible to our eye. Yet we see the Milky Way.
On the Earth we see and touch crowds of molecules every particle of
which could be neither seen with our eyes nor felt with our touch
nor perceived with any of our senses. And yet one meets very often
so-called scientific men in the world who say peremptorily: “I only
believe what I see.”
A large number of different measurements of the speed of light agree in
proving that this speed is 186,000 miles a second. That is a fact of
observation absolutely proved by astronomy and by physics.
These 186,000 miles amount to 982 million feet or 11,785 million inches.
Now, certain measurements of the same degree of precision show that in
a ray of red light there are 42,300 waves to the inch or 1,666 to the
millimetre.
Each of these waves therefore measures 6/10,000 of a millimetre. Those
of the extreme red measure 7/10,000; beyond the red, wave-lengths of
8 or 9/10,000 are found; the blue waves measure 4 to 5/10,000 and the
violet 4/10,000.
Expressed in millionths of a millimetre, as is usual in spectroscopy,
these wave-lengths are the following:—
WAVE-LENGTHS OF LIGHT
Infra-red 900 or more
Extreme-red (A) 760
Red (B) 687
Orange (C) 666
Yellow (D) 689
Green (E) 617
Blue (F) 486
Indigo (Q) 431
Violet (H) 897
Ultra violet 380 and less