The above detailed account seems to explain in a clear manner the different cardinal symptoms that have become recognized features of inflammation since the time of Galen. The great vascular activity explains the redness, swelling and increased temperature. The pain can be traced to the pressure from the exudation, to which the delicate nerve filaments were exposed, while lessened function would be the natural result of nerves or tissues so compromised. I made an attempt to initiate the reader into the science of inflammatory processes and if I have succeeded in making myself understood, then I am satisfied with having imparted a most useful lesson, because there is no process in the entire field of disease that is so general; it is almost safe to say that with the exception of functional diseases, there is perhaps no class of diseases with which an inflammatory process is not more or less associated. This is true of consumption, which is an inflammatory process excited by and around the bacilli or micro-organisms, and these inflammatory nodules are called tubercles. The growth of a cancerous tumor is associated with an inflammation. The development of a common boil is an illustration of an inflammation, breaking down or destroying part of the tissue which is inflamed. It is the same in inflammation of the lungs or pneumonia as it is in ordinary catarrh; the differences that are presented to the eye are only modifications of degree and peculiarities that are due to the difference of the tissues of which the organ or membrane is composed. CHAPTER XI. URETHRITIS AND NEURALGIA OF THE URETHRA. INFLAMMATION of the canal by which the urine is conducted and discharged from the bladder is termed urethritis. There is no organ of the female anatomy that is oftener the seat of local inflammation. The acute and chronic inflammations that affect the male urethra, also affect that of the female, only perhaps to a more limited extent, owing to the comparative smaller mucous surface of the tube, it being only from an inch to an inch and a half in length. Inflammation is oftener confined to this portion of the urinary apparatus than is generally supposed, because any derangements of these parts is at once attributed to the bladder, and it is an actual fact that many women have doctored uselessly for years, for the one, when it was the other that was diseased. Symptoms of urethral inflammations are so very similar to inflammations of the bladder that the points of distinction are easily overlooked.